Geriatrics

Estimating blood-brain barrier exchange rate using diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling and physics-guided neural networks.

This study proposes physics-guided neural network (PgNN) approaches for estimating perfusion and blood-brain barrier (BBB) water permeability parameters from multi-slice, multi-delay diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling (DW-ASL) MRI. To enable simultaneous estimation of perfusion and permeability-related parameters, a water-impermeable arterial compartment was incorporated into a two-compartm...

Adversarial dynamical systems characterize when data-driven learning succeeds or fails.

Many systems resist analytical modeling, making data-driven inference of dynamics important. Yet data-driven methods can fail to converge or generalize, leaving open a central question: When can system behavior be learned reliably from data, and when is such learning impossible? We answer this question using adversarial dynamical systems to identify the boundary between accessible and inaccessible...

VITAGRAPH: building a knowledge graph for biologically relevant learning tasks.

The complexity of human biology poses ongoing challenges, driving global interdisciplinary research. Artificial intelligence has become a powerful too...

A unified multi-modal foundation model for end-to-end emergency care.

Against the backdrop of population aging and the rising burden of chronic diseases in China, emergency departments (EDs) in tertiary hospitals remain ...

Integration of metabolomics and machine learning algorithm for discovery of early diagnostic biomarkers of osteoporosis.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent metabolic bone disorder and a major public health concern characterized by reduced bone mass and bone mic...

Assessing infants' sleep in the home setting: designing rational study approaches.

The methods used for assessing infants' sleep vary widely, and the insights provided by each method are not necessarily interchangeable. Direct physio...

Gut microbiome signatures associate with DNA methylation-based biological aging.

Recent advances in machine learning have applied novel tools to aging research, yet the relationship between the gut microbiome and epigenetic aging r...

AI meets sleep surgery: assessing drug-induced sleep endoscopy interpretation with a large language model.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance and safety of a large language model in interpreting drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) videos and prov...

Generative large language models in the clinical management of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND: Dementia affects over 55 million people worldwide. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often precedes Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinical manag...

Machine-learning-based Fall-prediction Model for Inpatients in Military Hospitals.

This case-control study develops a machine-learning (ML)-based fall-risk-prediction model for military-hospital inpatients, using electronic records (...

Multimodal Machine Learning Model Predicting Postoperative Delirium Based on Heart Rate Variability: A Prospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium is a common and serious complication after general anesthesia; its accurate prediction remains a substantial challe...

Feasibility of using artificial intelligence models to identify the obturator nerve in laparoscopic selective lateral pelvic lymph node dissection.

BACKGROUND: Protecting the obturator nerve (ON) is crucial during selective lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (SLPLND). This study evaluated the fe...

Personalized survival prediction in elderly dialysis patients: integrating machine learning with traditional survival analysis.

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy (KRT) face high mortality rates. Traditional statistical models describe overall su...

Frailty burden and symptomatic BPH/LUTS in aging men: evidence from two nationally representative population-based studies.

BACKGROUND: The frailty index (FI) is a well-established marker of biological aging and a widely validated predictor of adverse health outcomes in old...

Evaluating the impact of frailty in older adults on functional outcomes post-mechanical thrombectomy: a multicentre study incorporating traditional and machine learning methods.

Frailty is associated with high risk of mortality. Our study evaluated frailty as a predictor of outcomes in older adults with acute ischemic stroke t...

FUO-PETMamba: a pet maximum-intensity-projection-based artificial intelligence framework for aetiological classification of fever of unknown origin with multicentre validation.

BACKGROUND: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) remains diagnostically challenging because of heterogeneous causes, non-specific clinical manifestations, an...

Can ChatGPT Be Trusted for Urologic Patient Education? A Comparative Study of Stress Urinary Incontinence-Related Information From Versions 3.5 and 4.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The application of artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT in patient education is expanding rapidly. Female stress...

Development and validation of a multimodal deep learning model for the radiographic classification of pediatric femoral neck fractures.

BACKGROUND: An alternative classification system for categorizing pediatric femoral neck fractures (PFNFs) has been shown to have significant clinical...

Prioritising search for virtual screening via preliminary interpretable low-feature likelihood-based rankings of drug-target activity measures.

BACKGROUND: Current AI-based Virtual Screening (VS) methods seek to manage ultra-large molecular libraries. To this end, they develop increasingly eff...

Bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed mitochondrion-related genes, immune cell infiltration, and diagnostic value in Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation are critically implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, a syst...