Geriatrics

CT-derived sarcopenia and myosteatosis predict treatment escalation in hospitalized patients with inflammatory Bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia and myosteatosis reflect muscle quantity and quality and are linked to adverse outcomes in chronic diseases. Their role in predicting treatment escalation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 308 IBD patients (251 ulcerative colitis, 57 Crohn's disease) who underwent abdominal CT scans at the level of the third lumbar vert...

No Normal Brain: How Demographic Exclusion Undermines Neuroimaging AI Validity.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Neuroimaging AI systems increasingly influence clinical decisions, yet demographic exclusions in training datasets may compromise their scientific validity and clinical safety. This analysis examines how demographic concentration in major neuroimaging repositories undermines the fundamental neurobiological principle that there is no single "normal" brain, potentially crea...

Age-related neural dynamics revealed by time-domain fNIRS decoding of audiovisual dual-task processing.

Healthy aging is accompanied by widespread changes in cortical structure and function, particularly within networks supporting multisensory integratio...

Interpretable Ensemble Machine Learning Prediction of Nonadherence and the Risk of Nonpersistence of Targeted Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agents in Older Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

PURPOSE: Ensemble machine learning (ML) demonstrated potential for improving predictions based on big health care data. We developed and validated int...

Inadequate Preventive Dental Care Is Associated With Higher Cardiovascular Risk Identified by ECG-Based Artificial Intelligence Algorithms.

BACKGROUND: Inadequate preventive dental care may contribute to inflammatory conditions such as periodontitis, increasing cardiovascular disease risk....

Higher artificial intelligence-ECG atrial fibrillation prediction model output and estimated physiologic aging predict higher risk of adverse vascular events in patients with migraine.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram (AI-ECG) atrial fibrillation (AF) prediction model output a...

Polypharmacology Browser PPB3: A Web-Based Deep Learning Tool for Target Prediction Using ChEMBL Data.

Drug-like molecules often interact with multiple biological targets. Assessing this polypharmacology is essential for drug development. Here, we train...

Modelling Follicular Growth During Ovarian Stimulation Using Agent-based Artificial Intelligence.

CONTEXT: Ovarian stimulation is a key step in medically assisted reproduction (MAR), whereby supraphysiological doses of FSH extend the "FSH window" a...

Carba-NAD binding activates SIR2 by reshaping conformational plasticity and rewiring long-range allosteric networks.

Allosteric regulation enables proteins to couple local structural changes to distal functional outcomes, yet the underlying mechanisms often remain di...

Multimodal graph fusion-based GCN for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis using fMRI and T1-weighted MRI.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by both structural atrophy and functional dysregulation in the brain, yet ...

Subregional limbic radiomics on FDG-PET provides accurate early detection of Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the radiomics features of the hippocampus and the amygdala subregions in FDG-PET images that can best differentiate Mild Co...

Gut-brain axis-mediated mechanisms and immune regulatory pathways in vascular dementia: insights into microbiota-derived metabolites and novel therapeutic strategies.

BACKGROUND: Vascular dementia (VaD), known for cognitive issues and cerebrovascular irregularities, is a common dementia type, but its molecular under...

Privacy-preserving multimodal fusion for Alzheimer's staging: A federated vision transformer framework with explainable AI.

Accurate, early-stage staging of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is critical for therapeutic intervention but is hampered by data privacy regulations, multim...

Turning versus straight walking under dual-task conditions: a preliminary study for identifying mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Decision tree classification of RPE-Based internal load in youth badminton players based on fitness and anthropometric profiles.

Understanding the relationship between fitness, anthropometric characteristics, and internal load is essential for optimising training and reducing in...

A longitudinal examination of clinical simulation in a postpandemic era: A national survey of prelicensure nursing programs.

BACKGROUND: Despite evidence of an uptick in clinical simulation adoption during the pandemic, there are no studies assessing the durability of nation...

Preparing the AI-Ready Dentist: A Call for a Competency Framework in Dental Education.

Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) that assist clinical workflows and processes demand systematic educational strategies to cultivate AI c...

[Impact of digital technology and artificial intelligence on the training of pathology residents: Benefits, limitations, and educational prospects].

New pathology residents are experiencing an unprecedented situation compared to their predecessors. These young doctors, who are highly exposed to dig...

Deep learning models identify brain changes during the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder whose progression is closely associated with time. However, most diagnostic mod...

Development and Validation of a Frailty Risk Prediction Model for Preoperative Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PURPOSE: Frailty is increasingly recognized as a predictor of poor surgical outcomes, yet its preoperative assessment in patients with non-small-cell ...