Hematology

Cellular hallmarks and aging clock of the human lung parenchyma.

Aging affects lung function, predisposing older adults to respiratory diseases; however, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of lung aging are not fully understood. Leveraging single-cell and spatial transcriptomics data from 184 and 70 lung parenchyma samples, respectively, we present an analytical platform to dissect the cell composition, gene expression modules, and regulatory changes linked ...

Interpretable machine learning for predicting mild cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: model development and performance assessment.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic condition, particularly in the elderly, and is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study aimed to develop and validate an interpretable machine learning (IML) model to predict MCI in elderly T2DM patients using routine clinical data. A retrospective cohort of 923 elderly T2DM ...

Explainable Machine-Learning Model for Predicting Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients Undergoing Metabolic Bariatric Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Severe obstructive sleep apnea (SOSA) is associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications in patients undergoing metabolic...

Machine learning-guided discovery of withangulatin A as a novel inducer of megakaryocytic differentiation through direct targeting of TYK2 in leukemia.

BACKGROUND: Leukemia is an aggressive hematological malignancy. Effective differentiation-inducing agents for non-acute promyelocytic leukemia (non-AP...

Transcranial photobiomodulation improves prefrontal oxygenation and impulse control in adults with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Impulsivity in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diminishes quality of life. Cortical hypometabolism has be...

Comparative Value of Traditional versus Novel Immune-Inflammatory Indices in Assessing Disease Activity of Sjögren's Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the comparative value of traditional clinical features and novel immune-inflammatory indices in assessing disease activity in ...

Prognosis Prediction and Shared Decision Making for Personalised Anticoagulant Therapy after Unprovoked Venous Thromboembolism: The MORPHEUS project.

Background In patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE), indefinite anticoagulation is recommended to prevent recurrence but may expose so...

Estimating blood-brain barrier exchange rate using diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling and physics-guided neural networks.

This study proposes physics-guided neural network (PgNN) approaches for estimating perfusion and blood-brain barrier (BBB) water permeability paramete...

Transformer-DAPT: AI-based dynamic assessment of ischemic and bleeding risks in patients on DAPT following PCI.

Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is traditionally guided by rule-based scores providing static, sin...

Arterial blood pressure waveform reconstruction estimation from PPG using TCN-BiLSTM.

Photoplethysmography PPG is a non-invasive and effective method for continuously measuring blood pressure BP without the use of a cuff. However, its a...

Association Between the Hemoglobin-to-Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Ratio and Perioperative Mortality Risk in Myasthenia Gravis Patients with Sepsis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundThis study aims to explore the association between the Hemoglobin/Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio (HRR) and perioperative mortality in mya...

Prism-refraction K-means polar lights optimizer-driven feature selection for accurate diabetes diagnosis.

This study developed a machine learning framework for stratifying abnormal glucose tolerance risk among outpatients presenting with foamy urine. It re...

An AI-Assisted Tool to Predict Continuous Glucose Monitor Adherence in Children With Type 1 Diabetes in Oman: Protocol for a Multiphase Mixed Methods Translational Study.

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children requires sustained self-management to achieve glycemic targets. Continuous glucose monitoring ...

From Prediction to Action: Why Bleeding Risk in Cardiac Surgery Still Eludes Us in the Era of Artificial Intelligence.

Perioperative bleeding in cardiac surgery remains common, consequential, and difficult to predict despite decades of research and expanding data avail...

Self-explaining artificial intelligence for the classification of B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A diagnostic decision support study.

BACKGROUND: Multiparameter flow cytometry is a cornerstone of B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) diagnostics, but interpretation requires substantial...

High-performance surface plasmon resonance biosensor design: Encircled quad-block resonator structure for real-time label-free detection of marijuana assisted with linear regression.

In the last few years, chemical analysis and chromatography approaches have been implemented widely for detecting marijuana. Such approaches are sligh...

Data-driven subtypes of postoperative delirium in surgical ICU patients: a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a heterogeneous syndrome associated with adverse outcomes. Traditional classifications may obscure underly...

Personalized survival prediction in elderly dialysis patients: integrating machine learning with traditional survival analysis.

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy (KRT) face high mortality rates. Traditional statistical models describe overall su...

An ensemble machine learning approach for predicting anemia among under-five children in malaria-endemic sub-Saharan African countries.

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, anemia in children under-five is a major public health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa also has t...

Association between metal co-exposure and frailty: exploring the potential explanatory pathway of inflammation.

Frailty is a critical geriatric syndrome associated with disability and mortality, yet the associations and mechanisms between environmental metal co-...