Hematology

Gastrointestinal endoscopic image classification using a hybrid modified inception network and a customized vision transformer with tree growth feature selection.

The Gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a vital role in digestion by breaking down food into essential nutrients. Disorders such as bleeding lesions, ulcerative colitis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting may indicate serious chronic conditions, including cancer. GI malignancies are among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality world...

Artificial intelligence in pediatric endoscopy for hereditary polyposis syndromes: promises and challenges.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Children with hereditary polyposis syndromes require long-term endoscopic surveillance to reduce risks of gastrointestinal complications: malignancy, bleeding, and obstruction, among others. However, surveillance remains challenging because of variable lesion distribution, subtle morphology, interobserver variability, and the burden of repeated procedures throughout the patient'...

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model for Predicting 30-Day Mortality and Early Endoscopic Hemostatic Intervention in Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

OBJECTIVE: Accurate pre-endoscopic risk stratification is essential in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Established scores predict mortal...

Integrating host mRNA signatures and clinical trajectories with machine learning for risk stratification and survival prediction in sepsis: an ICU-based prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis remains a leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Host mRNA biomarkers may provide complementary biological information ...

Risk Factor Analysis and Nomogram for Predicting 28-day in-hospital Mortality in ICU Patients with Liver Necrosis.

INTRODUCTION: The mortality risk factors in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with liver necrosis (LN) remain unclear. This study aimed to develop a ...

Left Ventricular Thrombus in Ischemic Heart Failure: Machine-learning-based Prediction of Six-month Persistence and One-year Outcomes.

Left ventricular thrombus (LVT) in ischemic heart failure carries embolic risk; tools to anticipate persistence are limited. We studied 190 consecutiv...

Establishment and validation of intelligent review rules for blood cell analysis based on the gradient boosting decision tree algorithm.

OBJECTIVE: To develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based intelligent review rules to accurately screen samples that require retests or blood smear mic...

A blood transcriptomic signature anchored to central nervous system pathology enables noninvasive detection of multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) lacks noninvasive biomarkers anchored to central nervous system (CNS) pathology. This study aimed to identify a bl...

Protocol for assessment of pain biomarkers in orthopaedic patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty in a tertiary care hospital and neuroimmunopharmacology laboratory in South Australia: a cross-sectional matched-subject observational study.

INTRODUCTION: Knee osteoarthritis is a leading cause of pain and disability and frequently results in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Decisions about s...

PCT-Anchored Machine Learning for Pre-Culture Identification of Gram-Negative Sepsis in Children: A Four-Site Study.

OBJECTIVE: Procalcitonin (PCT) has moderate accuracy for bacteremia detection but is infrequently used in pediatric emergency departments, partly due ...

Bone marrow CCR3 dictates eosinophil lineage commitment of CD34⁺ progenitors to orchestrate allergic rhinitis: A composite study.

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common Th2-mediated inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa, in which eosinophils serve as pivotal effector c...

Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis: A scoping review.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of thrombi in the deep venous system, most often in the lower extremities. Although usually not life-threa...

A curated image dataset for sapodilla fruit (Manilkara zapota) disease and fruit quality analysis.

Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota), or chickoo, is a key tropical fruit, very popular in India, Mexico, and Thailand, as it is nutritionally and economicall...

Machine learning-based prediction model for long-term mortality after ischemic stroke.

Stroke, a leading cause of death, requires precise predictions of life expectancy. Traditional scores focused on short-term outcomes and required labo...

Temporal patterns of haemoglobin phenotypes among Nigerian university students based on ten years of surveillance data.

Haemoglobinopathies remain among the most common monogenic disorders worldwide, with sickle cell disease (SCD) and various forms of thalassemia posing...

Multidimensional immunoinflammatory profiles associated with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a cross-sectional exploratory study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of non-invasive peripheral blood inflammatory indices, cytokines, and lymphocyte subsets with the risk of r...

Circulating acidic α-glucosidase as a potential biomarker for lactate-related immunometabolism in ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: The role of lactate metabolism in ischemic stroke (IS) remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to characterize lactate-related t...

Development of an anemia detection model in emergency departments using lip region images based on medical knowledge and deep learning technology.

Anemia's high global prevalence and socio-economic burden necessitate early diagnosis, yet reliance on invasive blood testing creates significant barr...

An interpretable machine learning model for biomarker identification and diagnostic nomogram development in hypo-productive thrombocytopenia.

Thrombocytopenia is a common hematological disorder with diverse etiologies. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and to develop an inter...

A machine learning-based framework for predicting hypertension using serum hematological factors.

Hypertension (HTN) is a leading global cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, underscoring the need for early detection and in...