Infection Control

Predictive modeling of hospital emergency department demand using artificial intelligence: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Accurately forecasting patient arrivals in hospital emergency departments (EDs) is critical for hospital capacity and planning and clinical decision-making. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), has shown promising performance over traditional time series approaches. However, the extent to which these models are validated and generaliz...

Molecular diagnostics in clinical microbiology: Advances, applications, and future directions.

Molecular diagnostics have transformed clinical microbiology by enabling rapid, accurate, and highly sensitive detection of infectious agents, significantly improving patient outcomes and public health response. Over the past decade, advances in polymerase chain reaction (PCR), next-generation sequencing (NGS), digital PCR, isothermal amplification, and CRISPR-based assays have enhanced pathogen i...

Computer-vision based recognition of cervical spine stabilization during trauma resuscitation.

BACKGROUND: Cervical spine (c-spine) injuries can lead to significant disability and mortality. Although stabilization is the primary management for s...

Establishment of CT diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in Tokyo.

OBJECTIVE: Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are essential for optimizing radiation dose in CT examinations. However, current DRLs may not reflect th...

Machine learning models for predicting hospital admission in pediatric emergency departments: A systematic review.

CONTEXT: Pediatric Emergency Departments (PEDs) face overcrowding partially due to delayed hospital admission decision. Machine Learning (ML) models c...

Patients visits forecasting in emergency departments: Self-adapting LSTM models for evolving data distributions.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Overcrowding in emergency departments (EDs) remains a critical challenge in healthcare systems. Accurate forecasting of pati...

Digital Eye: Deep Learning for Detecting Physeal Fractures of the Pediatric Distal Radius.

BACKGROUND: Distal radial fractures (DRFs) are some of the most common pediatric injuries, often involving the physis. Diagnostic accuracy can be chal...

Nanomotion-based technology for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing among adult patients admitted to a tertiary-care hospital with Gram-negative bacteraemia: a prospective, single arm, comparative diagnostic accuracy study.

OBJECTIVE: Investigate performances and turnaround time of Resistell Phenotech antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), a device using the new nanomot...

Development of an Explainable Machine Learning Model to Predict Mortality Risk in Sepsis Patients: Insights From a Real-World Clinical Data.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a life-threatening dysregulated host response to infection; early risk stratification is essential to guide intensive care. OBJE...

A Window Into Vulnerability and Support: At-Risk Mothers' Perinatal Experiences and Perspectives on mHealth-Based Care.

AIM: To examine the perinatal experiences of at-risk mothers and their engagement with mobile-health-based care. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive stu...

GPT-4o in Nutrition for Inpatients Undergoing Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: Identifying Dietary Errors, Exploring Expert-AI Rationale Differences, and Structuring AI-Expert Collaboration.

OBJECTIVE: Inpatients undergoing stroke rehabilitation experience high malnutrition rates, requiring strict dietary management. However, manual and ti...

A rural-to-center artificial intelligence model for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection and premalignant gastric conditions using endoscopy images captured in routine practice.

Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection and premalignant gastric conditions typically requires 13C urea breath testing or histological assessment, wh...

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Point-of-Care Technologies: Opportunities and Current Challenges.

BACKGROUND: This review re-evaluates therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) by comparing the current analytical and subsequent clinical interpretation capa...

Smart Hospital Infrastructure: Enhancing Parking Management and Ambulance Accessibility in Urban Healthcare Systems.

Hospitals face significant challenges in parking management and assessing ambulances due to fast-growing urbanization, high population density, and tr...

Hospital waste management in Germany and the European Union during the Industry 5.0 era for carbon neutrality by 2050: A critical review.

Hospital waste management (HWM) is critical to advancing environmental sustainability, particularly as Germany and the European Union (EU) pursue carb...

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Large Language Model (ChatGPT-4) for Patients Admitted to a Community Hospital Medical Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Case Study.

BackgroundThe future of artificial intelligence in medicine includes the use of machine learning and large language models to improve diagnostic accur...

Machine learning-selected minimal features drive high-accuracy rule-based antibiotic susceptibility predictions for via metagenomic sequencing.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a critical global health challenge, demanding rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) ...

Advantages and effectiveness of AI three-dimensional reconstruction technology in the preoperative planning of total hip arthroplasty.

In order to explore the application effect of artificial intelligence (AI) 3D reconstruction technology in total hip arthroplasty (THA), this study in...

Application of Transformer Neural Networks for Data Cleaning in Emergency Room Logs: A Case Study from the Bordeaux University Hospital.

Emergency Rooms (ERs) are at the center of various optimization research due to the growing number of visits in recent decades. The accurate logging o...

Citywide metagenomic surveillance of food centres reveals local microbial signatures and antibiotic resistance gene enrichment.

The distribution of microorganisms in built environments with high human traffic, such as food centres, can potentially have a significant impact on p...