Infection Control

Machine learning prediction of postoperative pulmonary infection in patients who underwent thoracoscopic lung cancer resection: a retrospective case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Accurate identification of patients at high risk of pulmonary infection after thoracoscopic lung cancer resection is important for timely and targeted preventive measures. Methods for determining the risk of pulmonary infection after thoracoscopic lung cancer resection have not been well studied. METHODS: This study was a retrospective case-control research project. The information of ...

Predicting unplanned 30-day hospital readmissions in patients with urogenital system disorders: a retrospective EMR-based ensemble learning study in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Hospital readmissions are a major burden for patients, families, and healthcare systems. Artificial intelligence (AI) and electronic medical records (EMR) offer new opportunities to improve clinical decision support by identifying patients at high risk of unplanned readmission. However, accurate prediction remains challenging in urogenital system disorder populations. METHODS: We condu...

Individualized Treatment Effects of Therapeutic Hypothermia in Children Postcardiac Arrest: A Reanalysis of Two Randomized Clinical Trials.

OBJECTIVES: To use patient characteristics to estimate individualized treatment effects (ITE) of hypothermia vs. normothermia after pediatric cardiac ...

In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Detection Performance Analysis and Comparison on Effective Feature Selection.

BACKGROUND: How to reduce the occurrence of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), screen potential IHCA patients, and advance the treatment of IHCA are u...

The Ambulatory Surgery Center Paradox: Why 60% of Surgeries Occur Where 2% of AI Research Happens.

BACKGROUND: Ambulatory surgery centers now perform more than 60% of the 60 million elective surgical procedures in the United States, yet artificial i...

Machine Learning for Evaluating the Heterogeneous Effects of Intensive In-Hospital Rehabilitation During the Postacute Phase After Hip Fracture Surgery on Activities of Daily Living.

BACKGROUND: It remains unclear which patient subgroups benefit most from intensive rehabilitation therapy. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the...

Spatiotemporal genomic analysis and risk assessment of the plasmids carrying blaOXA-48-like genes based on a large-scale international dataset.

BACKGROUND: The spread of OXA-48-like carbapenemases represents a major public health challenge. Although previous studies have investigated OXA-48-li...

[A two-stage model for predicting postoperative pulmonary infection in esophageal cancer patients].

Postoperative pulmonary infection (PPI) after esophageal cancer surgery occurs frequently and severely impairs patients' prognosis. Most existing pred...

Using AI to identify in-hospital falls: a comparative analysis with incident reports and manual chart review.

INTRODUCTION: Falls remain a problem in hospitalised patients, especially in older adults. In-hospital falls occasionally lead to injuries. Currently,...

Value operating system: a practical framework to measure outcomes-per-cost at the episode level.

OBJECTIVE: To specify a value operating system (VOS) and its executable metric-the Value Index (VI)-that expresses risk-adjusted outcomes-per-episode-...

Prediction of cardiac arrest in patients with heart failure in Sweden: a registry study with development of a machine learning model.

OBJECTIVE: 30-day survival after cardiac arrest is low, 12.4% and 36% for out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest, respectively. Heart failure ...

A prediction model based on tumor immune microenvironment for immunotherapy response in gastric cancer.

This study aimed to develop a robust prediction model- using machine-learning algorithms based on the core indicators of the tumor immune microenviron...

Predictive Modeling of Enterovirus Hospital Burden Using Machine Learning and Age-Specific Surveillance Data: Operational Forecasting in Taiwan During the Postpandemic Era.

BACKGROUND: Enterovirus infections cause substantial pediatric morbidity worldwide, with severe cases requiring hospitalization. Accurate forecasting ...

Prediction of Early Hospital Admission (≤24 Hours) After Stroke Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning: Multicenter Study From China.

BACKGROUND: Timely hospital admission is a prerequisite for effective acute stroke management, yet a substantial proportion of patients fail to reach ...

Unit dose drug dispensing systems in hospitals: a systematic review of medication error reduction and cost-effectiveness.

BACKGROUND: Medical errors pose significant risks to patient safety and public health. Automated unit dose drug dispensing systems (UDDSs) have emerge...

Human Resource Management, Complementarity and Hospital Performance: Evidence From the English NHS.

This study investigates the role of complementary clusters of human resource management (HRM) practices in explaining the persistent productivity vari...

Establishment and validation of intelligent review rules for blood cell analysis based on the gradient boosting decision tree algorithm.

OBJECTIVE: To develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based intelligent review rules to accurately screen samples that require retests or blood smear mic...

EGID: A Comprehensive Multi-label Endoscopic Image Dataset for Gastritis Classification.

Chronic atrophic gastritis is a well-recognized precancerous condition, emphasizing the need for accurate endoscopic classification. However, existing...

Scenario-based multi-parametric QC for quality control of complex algorithms used in clinical care.

Complex algorithms and prediction models are increasingly being developed, investigated and applied for clinical use in medical laboratories and beyon...

Modeling antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study at Pantang Hospital, Ghana.

BACKGROUND: Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) continues to undermine HIV treatment outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana. OBJEC...