Infectious Disease

Forecasting Local Surges in COVID-19 Hospitalizations through Adaptive Decision Tree Classifiers.

IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many communities across the United States experienced surges in hospitalizations, which strained the local hospital capacity. Some risk metrics, such as the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Community Levels, were developed to predict the impact of COVID-19 on the community-level health care system based on routine surveillance data. Howe...

Diagnostic Accuracy of Cerebrospinal Fluid Presepsin vs. Procalcitonin in Post-Neurosurgical Bacterial Ventriculitis/Meningitis: A Machine Learning Analytical Approach.

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid presepsin and procalcitonin in patients who had undergone neurosurgery between November 2023 and December 2024 enrolled on the basis of specific guidelines. Cerebrospinal fluid presepsin and procalcitonin levels were evaluated via ELISA. Machine learning models were implemented to assess the diagnostic accuracy. A total of...

Modeling Zero-Dose Children in Ethiopia: A Machine Learning Perspective on Model Performance and Predictor Variables.

BACKGROUND: Despite progress in childhood vaccination, many children in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia, remain unvaccinated, pre...

Thermodynamic uncertainty relation constraints information transmission through cell signaling systems.

Biological systems in general operates out of equilibrium which demands the requirement for constant supply of energy due to non-equilibrium entropy p...

AIR-LEISH: A Dataset of Giemsa-Stained Microscopy Images for AI-based Leishmania amastigotes Detection.

Leishmaniases is a parasitic disease caused by the Leishmania parasite, transmitted by sandflies, affecting millions worldwide. Microscopic examinatio...

Model-free prognostication of non-linear time series.

OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of studying the course of infectious progression. Similar needs exist for time series ...

Distinct serum metabolic profiles with supportive diagnostic value in differentiating tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC),...

ME-PFP: An Ensemble Learning Approach Fusing Multi-Source Features for Protein Function Prediction.

Proteins, as essential components of living organisms, play a critical role in both drug discovery and disease mechanism research. Multiple empirical ...

Molecular modelling assisted identification of novel Benzoxazole derivatives as hit molecules targeting Mycobacterial Membrane Protein Large 3 (MmpL3).

MmpL3 protein plays a vital role in cell wall synthesis in Mycobacterium. Novel benzoxazole carboxamide derivatives were designed to inhibit cell wall...

Explainable Temporal Inference for Irregular Multivariate Time Series. A Case Study for Early Prediction of Multidrug Resistance.

OBJECTIVE: Many healthcare problems involve complex patient trajectories represented as Multivariate Time Series (MTS), with predictions often coming ...

A novel, standardised approach to balancing effectiveness, efficiency and utility of surveillance AI prediction models for hospitalised patients using sepsis prediction as an exemplar.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce a novel, standardised approach to evaluating AI prediction models in balancing effectiveness, efficiency and utility, using a ...

Enhanced Clearance of HIV-1 Broadly Neutralizing Antibody VRC07-523-LS During Viremia: Influences on Trial Design and Analysis.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (BNAb) are capable of neutralizing multiple HIV-1 strains through the targeting of conserved epitopes. This study's ob...

A Beginner's Guide to Using DeepVirFinder for Viral Sequence Identification From Metagenomic Datasets.

Identifying viral sequences from metagenomic datasets is critical for investigating their origins, evolutionary patterns, and ecological functions. Pr...

Pharmacokinetics and Customized Dosing of Vancomycin in Adult Patients With Hematological Malignancies: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities.

Vancomycin (VAN) remains the first-line treatment for methicillin-resistant, multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacterial infections, even among cancer...

Artificial Intelligence Based Tools for Automated Genus-Level Identification of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes.

Early and accurate identification and quantification of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) is crucial for their effective control. Although valuable, the...

Simulation-based evaluation of ChatGPT for healthcare associated infection surveillance using validated case scenarios.

BACKGROUND: Surveillance for healthcare-associated infections is central to infection prevention but remains complex, resource-intensive, and variable...

Multi-omics and machine learning-based profiling of severity signatures in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common respiratory infection in children; however, the mechanisms driving its progression to severe disease...

Timing matters: a machine learning-driven comparison of community and hospital-onset sepsis.

SSG-CAM: enhancing visual interpretability through refined second-order gradients and evolutionary multi-layer fusion.

Class activation mapping (CAM) is key to understanding how convolutional neural networks (CNNs) make decisions, but current approaches face considerab...

Machine learning-driven identification of serotype-independent pneumococcal vaccine candidates using samples from human infection challenge studies.

Identifying conserved, immunogenic proteins that confer protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) colonization could enable developme...