Infectious Disease

Advanced Technologies for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Using Exhaled Breath Samples: A Systematic Scoping Review.

OBJECTIVES: Non-invasive methods based on exhaled breath samples have emerged as promising alternatives for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in settings where sputum collection is challenging and laboratory infrastructure is limited. We aimed to map the evidence on advanced technologies available for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis using alveolar breath, bioaerosols, or exhaled...

A machine learning model for predicting complete virological response in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving first-line nucleos(t)ide analogues therapy.

BACKGROUND: Complete virological response (CVR) is the primary goal of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to predict CVR in CHB patients receiving first-line NAs. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 2394 CHB patients treated with first-line NAs, randomly divided into a ...

Insights into red sea bream iridovirus pathogenesis: Unveiling host-pathogen interactions using membrane yeast two-hybrid and molecular dynamics.

Red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), a member of the genus Megalocytivirus, poses a substantial threat to global aquaculture through its infection of mari...

ViralBindPredict: Empowering Viral Protein-Ligand Binding Sites through Deep Learning and Protein Sequence-Derived Insights.

BACKGROUND: The development of a single therapeutic compound can exceed 1.8 billion USD and take more than a decade, underscoring the urgent need to a...

The escalating threat of multidrug-resistant organisms: COVID-19 impact, global burden, and the Taiwanese experience.

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified global health challenges, including a silent but escalating crisis: multidrug-resistant organisms ...

Bioinspired Multifunctional Hydrogels for Deep Learning-Enabled Wound pH Visual Monitoring and Treatment.

Smart wound dressings capable of real-time environmental monitoring and therapeutic intervention are crucial for managing difficult-to-heal wounds. He...

Modulating subjective and objective cognitive state fatigue in long COVID with repetitive anodal tDCS: results from a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive fatigue is a frequently reported and debilitating symptom of long COVID, yet effective therapeutic interventions remain limited....

Prognostic value of deep learning-based coronary artery calcium score and quantitative pneumonia burden in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Letter to the editor: "A risk-adjusted length of stay to evaluate severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) outcomes: a machine learning analysis of 16,985 ICU admissions".

Infection-targeted innovations in anastomotic leak management: endoscopic advances, antimicrobial biomaterials, and precision strategies.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a devastating complication of gastrointestinal surgery and a critical source of hospital-acquired infections. This review ...

Confidence-based prediction of antibiotic resistance at the patient level.

Rapid and accurate diagnostics of bacterial infections are necessary for efficient treatment of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Cultivation-based meth...

Structure-based and machine learning-assisted identification of natural phytochemicals targeting Mycobacterium leprae InhA for anti-mycobacterial therapeutics.

Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) is the bacterium that causes leprosy. It is a public health problem in many regions, especially in developing countri...

Optical photothermal infrared (OPTIR) spectroscopy assisted by machine learning for lactic acid bacteria identification at strain level.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used in food, health, and biotechnology sectors, where accurate strain level identification is critical. Convent...

Co-Adaptive Velocity and Position Control of 3-DoFs Prosthesis via Incremental Learning.

Upper-limb prosthesis control remains challenging in achieving natural and intuitive movements, especially for devices with multiple actuated degrees ...

Interpretable Machine Learning Integrates Flavor Classification with Source Attribution for Low-Salt Soy Sauce Optimization.

Low-salt soy sauce (LSS) supports healthier diets but suffers flavor defects compared with high-salt and koikuchi soy sauce (HSS, KSS). In this study,...

An annotated dataset of Gram stains from positive blood cultures.

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) of high morbidity and mortality are across all age groups, and urgent for accurate intervention. Gram stain interpretati...

Smartphone-based multispectral autofluorescence analysis of bacteria mixtures of staphylococci using convolutional neural network.

Deep tobit model: an integrated framework for high-dimensional censored regression with variable selection.

High-dimensional data with left-censored responses are increasingly common in modern applications, yet existing methods for analyzing them are limited...

Predictive model of cognitive dysfunction among the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction (CD) is a frequent but often underrecognized clinical feature in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. It mar...

Effect of sea surface temperature in El Niño regions on dengue dynamics in Colombia: Evidence from causal machine learning.

Dengue fever is among the most rapidly expanding vector-borne diseases globally, with Colombia ranking among the most affected countries in the Americ...