Infectious Disease

Deep learning-based no-reference image quality assessment framework for Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp.

Image Quality Assessment (IQA) plays a critical role in image-based decision-making systems, especially in domains requiring high diagnostic precision. Effective feature information is a prerequisite for the high performance of machine learning methods in parasitic organism detection, and the quality of this feature information is influenced by the quality of the images. However, No-Reference IQA ...

Cell death-related gene signatures as dual-function biomarkers: Early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting in Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) pneumonia constitutes a lethal respiratory infection with persistently high clinical mortality. Although programmed cell death (PCD) pathways are implicated in diverse disease processes, their mechanistic roles in S. aureus pneumonia pathogenesis, particularly as dual-purpose biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targeting remain insufficientl...

Federated TriNet-AQ: Explainable english proficiency classification in augmented and virtual reality learning.

AR/VR and other immersive technologies are creating dynamic, learner-centred, and engaging language-learning environments. In these ever-changing situ...

Investigating the relationship between teacher efficacy, job satisfaction, and digital resource utilization in assessment practices: Insights from PISA 2018 and 2022.

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global education systems, forcing rapid shifts in teaching practices, technology integration, and assessment methods. ...

The use of artificial intelligence in decreasing vaccine skepticism and hesitancy.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) coincide with decreases in confidence in vaccines. This review examines studies tha...

Adaptive Machine Learning Framework for Optimizing the Affinity Purification of Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors.

Adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors for gene therapy are becoming integral to modern medicine, providing therapeutic options for diseases once deemed...

The Macroevolution of Filamentation Morphology Across the Saccharomycotina Yeast Subphylum.

Saccharomycotina are a subphylum of ascomycete fungi with diverse asexual growth morphologies. Filamentous growth can comprise linear and branched bud...

Generalizable machine learning models for rapid antimicrobial resistance prediction in unseen healthcare settings.

BACKGROUND: The deployment of machine learning in clinical settings is often hindered by the limited generalizability of the models. Models that perfo...

Combining mass spectrometry and machine learning models for predicting Klebsiella pneumoniae antimicrobial resistance: a multicenter experience from clinical isolates in Italy.

BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae represents a significant challenge in healthcare settings, prompting numerous studies on the rap...

Artificial intelligence for early diagnosis in emergency department.

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has become an increasingly prominent player in emergency medicine, offering innovative tools to enhance ...

Fuzzy classification of sepsis subtypes and implications for trajectory and treatment.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is common and deadly, and subtypes are proposed to guide precision treatment. However, little is known about the uncertainty in sub...

Establishment of threshold of human gut microbes and risk assessment system for colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Being involved in the occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC), gut microbes are potential targets for early diagnosis of CRC. Defining the t...

Controlling gene expression using AI designed Cis-regulatory elements.

Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression by controlling transcription, making the understanding and design of ...

OLink proteomic biomarker to predict clinical efficacy of Macaranga sinensis Müll.Arg: A nested case-control study.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Despite the fact that herbal medicine has been used for a long time, their clinical application is challenged by uncle...

Patient and clinician engagement with generative artificial intelligence (GenAI): A scoping review of implications for patient-centered communication.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of the emerging use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) within electronic health records and among the p...

Integrating GC-MS, high-throughput sequencing, and machine learning to elucidate flavor development and microbial succession in Italian-style dry-cured ham.

This study investigated effects of ripening on physicochemical, aroma profiles, and microbial succession in Italian-style dry-cured ham (ISDCH). Resul...

Personalized Antibiogram: A Novel Multi-Task Machine Learning Framework for Simultaneous Prediction of Antimicrobial Resistance Profile with Enhanced Detection of Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae.

BACKGROUND: Conventional hospital antibiograms summarize aggregated resistance rates, limiting their utility for individualized antimicrobial selectio...

Machine learning-assisted SERS detection of pyrethroid pesticides in edible fungi using a magnetic nanosensor.

Pyrethroid pesticide residues pose a significant global public health challenge, particularly in complex edible fungus matrices where trace, structura...

Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomics reveal antimicrobial potential and adaptive traits of Bacillus velezensis AM12.

The global rise of antimicrobial resistance has intensified the demand for novel antimicrobial agents with broad-spectrum efficacy and unique mechanis...

Deep learning on meta-analytic data for therapeutic decision-making in central nervous system aspergillosis.