Infectious Disease

Components of metabolic syndrome affect COVID-19 outcomes via platelet aggregation.

BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that platelet activation and aggregation are common factors in both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and severe COVID-19, emphasizing the need to investigate their biological connection. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that enhanced platelet aggregation mediates the association between MetS and severe COVID-19. This study aimed to determine whether platelet aggregation ...

Modeling multidrug resistance in Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni isolated from swine at U.S. slaughter plants.

Antimicrobial-resistant and multidrug-resistant Campylobacter spp. poses a human health risk. A total of 1694 isolates from market hogs (1599 Campylobacter coli and 95 C. jejuni) and 965 isolates from sows (918 C. coli and 47 C. jejuni) that were isolated at US slaughter plants from 2013 to 2021 and tested for antimicrobial resistance were included in the analysis. Multidrug resistance (MDR) (resi...

Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Moyamoya Disease: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Prospects.

BACKGROUND: Various artificial intelligence-based medical technologies have been used for diagnosing and treating diseases. Although moyamoya disease ...

Machine Learning-Based Clusters of Vital Signs and Lactate Levels Predict Vasopressor Use in Sepsis.

OBJECTIVE: Sepsis remains a major clinical challenge because of its complex, heterogeneous, and multidimensional clustering patterns. This study aimed...

Development and deployment of an interpretable stacking ensemble model for predicting in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with chronic kidney disease and sepsis.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an interpretable stacking ensemble model for predicting in-hospital mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with CKD and...

Rapid, non-invasive diagnosis of tuberculosis using desorption separation ionization mass spectrometry (DSI-MS) and urinary carbonyl metabolite fingerprints.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading global infectious disease that demands rapid, non-invasive diagnostic solutions. Here, we present a rapid urine-ba...

Recent advances in gold and zinc oxide nanoparticles: Antibiofilm action, mechanisms beyond ROS generation, and in vivo efficacy.

Gold (Au) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (AuNPs/ZnONPs, respectively) are well-established antimicrobial nanomaterials with broad-spectrum activit...

Automated high-throughput microscopy screening unveiled new Listeria monocytogenes genes involved in cell infection.

To uncover novel genetic factors required for Listeria monocytogenes cell infection, we developed an automated high-throughput microscopy screening pi...

Mechanism of flavor enhancement by yeast extract and clam extract in ginger-surimi cake: Insights from flavoromics and machine learning.

To investigate the differential effects of yeast extract (YE) and clam extract (CE) on the flavor of ginger-surimi cake, this study elucidates their f...

Characteristics of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and mediated phosphorus cycle in sediments of urban river-lake interfaces.

Urban river-lake interfaces are crucial areas for substance migration and transformation, and prone to algal blooms. However, the phosphorus (P) cycle...

Non-contact identification of opportunistic pathogens in mixed biofilm contaminations by hyperspectral imaging.

BACKGROUND: Biofilms are present on almost all surfaces in households, healthcare and medical equipment, foods, industrial and water supply systems, a...

α-Helical Peptides Encoded in Collagen Exhibit Antimicrobial Activity with Low Cytotoxicity.

Endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from host proteins represent a largely underexplored class of natural products tied to innate immunit...

Machine learning to assess correlated sociodemographic and socioeconomic community-level data and association with sepsis incidence.

WRKY Transcription Factors: Integral Regulators of Defence Responses to Biotic Stress in Crops.

Crops are continually challenged by biotic stresses, including fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens and insect pests, which cause substantial yield a...

Communicable diseases platform (CDP): Real-Time clinical analytics for infections.

OBJECTIVE: Communicable diseases, especially seasonal respiratory illnesses, contribute significantly to paediatric hospital presentations and admissi...

Soil microbial diversity, stability, and function are enhanced by cover cropping: A machine learning-based pooled analysis of Mississippi agroecosystems.

Cover cropping has emerged as a pivotal strategy to enhance soil health and microbiome functionality across diverse agroecosystems. However, the exten...

A deep learning-based tool for rapid and automated detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts: A new approach for veterinary diagnostics and epizootiological surveys.

Cryptosporidiosis, caused by Cryptosporidium spp., is a significant zoonotic parasitic disease impacting neonatal calves, leading to severe diarrhea, ...

Automated diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia on chest CT via the mean curvature of isophotes.

PURPOSE: To test whether the mean curvature of isophotes (MCI), a geometric image transformation, can be used to improve automatic detection on chest ...

What matters most to older adults? A systematic review of preferences for socially assistive robots.

BACKGROUND: The current level of social acceptance of socially assistive robots (SARs) remains limited. Research on user preferences plays an essentia...

Artificial Intelligence to Improve Patient-Physician Communication in Surgery.

Effective patient-physician communication is a cornerstone of surgical care, yet increasing clinical complexity and time constraints often limit oppor...