Infectious Disease

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in antimicrobial discovery, resistance prediction, and precision therapy.

OBJECTIVES: The global crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) demands a paradigm shift in traditional drug discovery, and artificial intelligence (AI) is uniquely positioned to lead this transformation. METHODS: We highlight how AI and machine learning (ML) can accelerate the discovery of novel antimicrobials by enabling de novo drug design, virtual screening, identification of new drug targets,...

Public health surveillance and outbreak preparedness for mpox.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The 2022 global mpox outbreak showed that surveillance systems were not ready to quickly detect or adapt to the new dynamic of human-to-human spread. While many lessons were learned, ongoing mpox outbreaks underscore the need for focused attention on enhancing mpox surveillance systems. This review presents ongoing challenges, successes, recent advances, and future consideration...

Machine learning and causal inference applied to the gut metagenome-metabolome axis reveals a link between neonatal jaundice and autism spectrum disorder.

UNLABELLED: Neonatal jaundice (NJ) might increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. This study examined whether alterations in t...

AI-optimized sanguinarine derivatives inhibiting sortase A for combating AmpC β-lactamase resistance in Enterobacter cloacae: An integrated computational approach.

The antimicrobial resistance is a serious health problem worldwide, and one of the causes of multidrug resistance is AmpC β-lactamase-producing Entero...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in antibiotic resistance detection: Advances, challenges, and future perspectives.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the most critical global public health crises, causing an estimated 700,000 deaths annually accor...

A synthetic biology roadmap for sustainable production of the plant-originated anti-cancer drug paclitaxel.

Paclitaxel, a clinically potent anticancer drug derived from Taxus species, faces persistent challenges in sustainable supply. Synthetic biology prese...

Integrated region-specific modeling of H5 avian influenza in Asia using ENSO-based forecasts.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), particularly of the H5 subtype, remains a persistent threat to poultry, wildlife, and public health across A...

Immunoprotective and neuroprotective properties of gut microbiome in psoriasis.

Psoriasis impacts nearly 100 million people globally and is associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidities such as depression and anxiety. With gut mi...

Programmable lipid nanoparticles for RNA therapeutics: Design principles and clinical translation.

RNA therapeutics have come of age as clinically validated modalities including mRNA, siRNA, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), and in vivo genome edit...

Advances in melanoma immunotherapy: harnessing vaccination as a potential novel immunotherapeutic strategy.

Melanoma, an aggressive form of skin cancer, demands innovative immunotherapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes. This review explores recent ...

Epidemiologic trajectories and burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) mortality across South Asia: An analysis of Global Burden of Disease data (1990-2023) with machine learning forecasting to 2050.

BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a major public health challenge in South Asia, which bears a disproportionate global bur...

A multicenter multinational retrospective study of the 1-year natural history of LI-RADS 3 observations in patients with cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the 1-year natural history of liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) 3 observations on contrast-enhanced MRI in cirrh...

Intelligent optimization of cinnamon essential oil extraction: A hybrid RSM and machine learning approach for maximized yield and bioactivity.

To optimize cinnamon essential oil extraction and assess its potential, this study utilized response surface methodology and machine learning models. ...

Mechanistic insights into sulfamethoxazole removal in activated sludge systems through machine learning and microcosm experiments.

Antibiotic residues in wastewater pose serious ecological and public health risks and may even induce the more severe threat of antimicrobial resistan...

Integrating Mendelian randomization and multi-omics analysis unravels gut microbiota-driven metabolic mechanisms in sepsis and identifies diagnostic biomarkers through experimental validation.

Sepsis, a life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome, remains a leading cause of global mortality due to its complex pathophysiology and the lack...

Exploring the use of artificial intelligence in the promotion of sexual health: a cross-sectional assessment.

BackgroundArtificial Intelligence (AI) is an emerging approach in addressing sexual health including HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (ST...

Neural network-enabled MALDI-TOF MS for rapid clinical identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of utilizing neural network algorithm to analyze parameters from matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization...

Deep Laplacian Coordinates: End-to-end deeply guided anisotropic diffusion for COVID-19 pulmonary lesion segmentation.

Despite notable advances in deep learning, accurately segmenting lung lesions in computed tomography remains a significant challenge due to the scarci...

Using the Electronic Health Record and Artificial Intelligence to Guide Clinical Decision-Making.

Electronic medical records (EMR) have transformed how clinical information is documented, shared, and utilized over the past 60 years, and the additio...

UniSplicer: A deep-learning framework for accurate splice-site prediction and splice-altering mutation detection across diverse taxa.

RNA splicing removes non-coding introns from pre-mRNA to generate mature mRNA in eukaryotes, and accurate identification of splice sites is essential ...