Infectious Disease

Supragingival Biomarker flora of Children With and Without Cariogenic Disease and Black Stains, Aged 3 to 6 Years.

BACKGROUND: The oral microbiome plays a pivotal role in the occurrence and progression of dental caries and black stain (BS) pigment. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the keystone microbiota and potential biomarkers of caries and BS pigment in 3 to 6-year-old children. METHODS: A total of 122 children were included, namely, healthy controls (HC, n = 32), those with severe early chi...

Development of an Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index (IDVI) for dairy farms: A data-driven approach to assessing risk and informing biosecurity practices.

Dairy farms are vulnerable to a wide range of infectious diseases, which can have significant economic and public health consequences. However, there remains a lack of a robust, farm-level tool that assesses their disease vulnerability. The primary objective of this study was to develop and validate the Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index (IDVI) as a tool for assessing dairy farm vulnerability ...

Improving Genotype Imputation in High-Dimensional Pharmacogenomics Using Multiple Imputation: Evaluation with Machine Learning Approaches.

Multiple imputation is well-established for handling missing data, yet its use in high-dimensional genetic datasets remains limited. Using pharmacokin...

Automated lung sound detection via Bi-GRU-modified SqueezeNet architecture with new stock well feature set.

Lung sound analysis is critical for diagnosing respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, COPD, LRTI, pneumonia, and URTI. Tr...

AI-guided precise design of antimicrobial polymers through high-throughput screening technology on an automated platform.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)-mimicking antimicrobial polymers show great potential as therapeutic alternatives to antibiotics in the looming "post-an...

Predictive modeling and fragment-based design of triterpenoid-nucleoside conjugates targeting coronavirus membrane fusion.

Triterpenoids are known for their broad biological activities, yet their potential against SARS-CoV-2 has not been fully elucidated. In this study, us...

HeptaTB Dx: a diagnostic model leveraging cuproptosis-ferroptosis crosstalk for distinguishing latent from active tuberculosis.

UNLABELLED: Distinguishing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from active tuberculosis (ATB) remains challenging. The roles of cuproptosis-ferroptos...

Identification of Individualised Aspiration Mechanisms in Post-Stroke Dysphagia: A VFSS-Based Interpretable Machine Learning Approach.

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) significantly increases the risk of aspiration-related pneumonia. While prior studies have linked abnormal tem...

Advancing mold identification in the routine laboratory, performance of smartphone-based imaging and a newly developed convolutional neural network.

Mold identification in clinical diagnostics is traditionally labor-intensive and is dependent on expert interpretation. MoldVision is a deep-learning ...

Structure of the Enterobacter pan-genome is revealed using machine learning.

The growing availability of publicly accessible Enterobacter genomes offers an opportunity to reveal the structure of its pangenome, uncovering the ca...

Machine learning-enhanced electrochemical sensing platform for simultaneous detection of multiple antibiotics in food samples.

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic residues in food presents a significant threat to global public health. To address this critical concern, we d...

SemiRaman: A self-supervised contrastive representation learning-based framework for semi-supervised Raman spectral identification of pathogenic bacteria.

Raman spectroscopy has established itself as a robust and non-invasive approach for the precise identification of pathogenic bacteria. The fusion of R...

Multifactor machine learning models for predicting urinary tract infections: a pilot study.

PURPOSE: Vitamin D, a fat-soluble prohormone essential for calcium-phosphate homeostasis and bone health, also regulates innate and adaptive immunity ...

Unveiling Putative Functions of Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 Hypothetical Proteins Via High-Throughput Characterization of Structural Similarities.

Burkholderia pseudomallei (BP) infections claims tens of thousands of lives worldwide every year. The bacterium's distinctive characteristics include ...

Spatio-temporal forecasting of dengue in the Americas through hybrid mechanistic and data-driven models: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD420251130769) synthesises 30 dengue modelling studies conducted in the Americas between 2016 an...

Dengue fever prediction based on meteorological features and deep learning models.

The dengue fever epidemic is one of the health priorities of the World Health Organization (WHO), and accurately predicting its epidemiological trends...

ProSocial Artificial Intelligence in Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, Pathology, and Laboratory Applications.

Artificial intelligence (AI) revolutionizes dentistry, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and collaboration. This article examines AI'...

Machine learning-driven optimization of metabolic balance for β-carotene production.

Balancing metabolic pathways is critical for engineering microbial platforms to efficiently and robustly synthesize value-added bioproducts. In the ol...

Diagnosis of shoulder dislocation on AP radiographs: A comparative analysis of diagnostic performance between orthopedic surgeons, emergency physicians, and ChatGPT models.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ChatGPT in identifying acute shoulder dislocations and to compare its accuracy w...

Deciphering the microbial complexity of Chinese traditional sourdough through integrated learning.

Sourdough fermentation relies on a dynamic microbial consortium of fungi and bacteria, shaped by interspecies interactions and environmental condition...