Infectious Disease

Regulatory Challenges and Opportunities: A Review of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Approved Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning-Enabled Cardiovascular Devices.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into medical devices has revolutionized healthcare, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. However, their rapid evolution poses challenges to traditional regulatory frameworks, particularly in ensuring safety and effectiveness. This review examines current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory pa...

Near real-time and next-day prediction for Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations in highly urbanized watersheds.

Microbial contamination of heavily urbanized watersheds is of significant public health concern. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is frequently traced as a fecal indicator bacterium (FIB) for microbial contamination, thereby highlighting the need for real-time predictive methods to support water quality management. Current predictive frameworks often lack inputs that simultaneously leverage a broad spec...

Discovery of Mangifera indica-based natural inhibitors against TEM-1 β-lactamase from Escherichia coli using machine learning approaches.

Antimicrobial resistance driven by β-lactamase enzymes, particularly TEM-1 in Escherichia coli, compromises the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics. This...

Generation of antifungals to combat drug resistance using language models and diffusion models.

INTRODUCTION: The growing scarcity of effective antifungal agents, coupled with rising drug‑resistance, creates an urgent demand for novel therapeutic...

Modeling typhoid dynamics using recurrent neural networks with Bayesian regularization.

The current research provides the numerical investigation of the epidemic typhoid model by using the stochastic artificial intelligence-based recurren...

Nationwide longitudinal evaluation of a machine learning approach for enhanced interpretation of Xpert MTB/RIF ultra rifampicin-resistance results in low bacterial load tuberculosis specimens.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified tuberculosis (TB) as the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. False-p...

C-peptide Index under Non-fasting Conditions Can Predict the Likelihood of Future Insulin Therapy in Outpatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Not Receiving Insulin at Baseline.

Objective This study aimed to develop a clinical model in which the C-peptide index (CPI) under non-fasting conditions can predict future insulin ther...

Bridging the Hearing Divide: Policy Solutions for Aging Americans.

Hearing loss affects approximately two thirds of adults in the United States aged 70 years or older and frequently remains untreated despite its well-...

Vit-Ensemble: Probabilistic voting based ensemble of Vision Transformers for tuberculosis detection using radiographs.

Tuberculosis (TB) detection from chest X-ray (CXR) images remains a critical challenge in global healthcare. This study introduces Vit-Ensemble, a nov...

Learning curve for fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair using machine learning: A prospective national multicenter registry study.

OBJECTIVE: Fenestrated-branched endovascular aortic repair (F-BEVAR) is a complex procedure that requires significant experience and advanced technica...

Explainable Convolutional Neural Networks for the identification of the Ampullariidae genus.

Invasive freshwater snails of the family Ampullariidae present significant threats to agriculture, biodiversity, and public health. Recent advances in...

Influence of typical anions in brackish water on synergistic remediation of Vanadium(V) by coffee grounds and Ryegrass: Machine learning modeling and co-occurrence network analysis.

Brackish water is widely distributed and highly overlaps with areas contaminated by vanadium (V), presenting multiple challenges for V pollution remed...

Effective alternative strategies to combat challenges associated with MDR bacterial infections: Drug repurposing, role of artificial intelligence, and novel therapeutic options.

Antibiotic failure has emerged as a critical global health concern, driven by a combination of factors including the stagnation in the discovery of ne...

AI-designed PNA-peptide chimera overcomes suboptimal binding for dual inhibition of viral RdRp.

The chimera combining the peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) and peptides represent a promising bifunctional strategy by concurrently binding with protein c...

Ligand-based prediction of anti-bacterial compounds: Overcoming class imbalance in molecular data.

In the emergence of pan-drug-resistant bacteria, there is an urgent demand for the discovery of structurally novel antibiotics. While traditional drug...

Authors reply: "How do experts classify sepsis cases for sepsis surveillance? Lessons learned from a Behavioural Artificial Intelligence Technology (BAIT) approach".

Predictive surveillance and diagnosis of COVID-19: An integrative machine learning and wastewater multi-omics approach.

COVID-19 has had major global impacts, highlighting the importance of robust predictive surveillance and diagnostic systems to ensure effective public...

From wastewater to epidemiological insights: A systematic review of modeling strategies for infectious disease surveillance.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has emerged as a promising complementary tool in infectious diseases surveillance systems, offering real-time insi...

Dynamics and forecasting of an age-structured stochastic SIR model with Lévy perturbations via physics-informed neural networks.

Understanding and predicting real-world epidemic dynamics has consistently posed a formidable challenge. This study addresses an age-structured stocha...

Homogeneous multi-antibiotics residual identification in various actual water via SERS spectra multilayer perceptron algorithm combined with Gaussian kernel density estimation data augmentation.

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic residues pose varying degrees of potential hazards to the water environment and human health due to their diverse types. Surfac...