Infectious Disease

[The Swecrit Biobank, associated clinical registries, and machine learning (artificial intelligence) improve critical care knowledge].

The unique Swecrit Biobank and its associated clinical registries for sepsis, ARDS, cardiac arrest, trauma, and COVID-19 include more than 150,000 blood samples and descriptions of critically ill patients. These assets provide a unique opportunity to research and improve the care of the most seriously ill patients through biomarker analyses, proteomic studies, and genetic and epigenetic studies us...

Batch normalization followed by merging is powerful for phenotype prediction integrating multiple heterogeneous studies.

Heterogeneity in different genomic studies compromises the performance of machine learning models in cross-study phenotype predictions. Overcoming heterogeneity when incorporating different studies in terms of phenotype prediction is a challenging and critical step for developing machine learning algorithms with reproducible prediction performance on independent datasets. We investigated the best ...

A Deep Learning-Based Radiomic Classifier for Usual Interstitial Pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Because chest CT scan has largely supplanted surgical lung biopsy for diagnosing most cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD), tools to s...

Localization and phenotyping of tuberculosis bacteria using a combination of deep learning and SVMs.

Successful treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) depends on early diagnosis and careful monitoring of treatment response. Identification of acid-fa...

Development and validation of a CT-based deep learning algorithm to augment non-invasive diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

RATIONALE: Non-invasive diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) involves identification of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern by comp...

Application of metabolomics in diagnostics and differentiation of meningitis: A narrative review with a critical approach to the literature.

Due to its high mortality rate associated with various life-threatening sequelae, meningitis poses a vital problem in contemporary medicine. Numerous ...

Safety and immunogenicity of varied doses of R21/Matrix-M™ vaccine at three years follow-up: A phase 1b age de-escalation, dose-escalation trial in adults, children, and infants in Kilifi-Kenya.

BACKGROUND: Falciparum malaria remains a global health problem. Two vaccines, based on the circumsporozoite antigen, are available. RTS, S/AS01 was re...

MicroRNA-30a inhibits cell proliferation in a sepsis-induced acute kidney injury model by targeting the YAP-TEAD complex.

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a primary feature of renal complications in patients with sepsis. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR)-30a is an essential re...

[ChatGPT: aid to medical ethics decision making?].

BACKGROUND: Physicians have to make countless decisions every day. The medical, ethical and legal aspects are often intertwined and subject to change ...

Bacterial metabolism-triggered-chemiluminescence-based point-of-care testing platform for sensitive detection and photothermal inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus.

Post-operative pathogenic infections in liver transplantation seriously threaten human health. It is essential to develop novel methods for the highly...

Mutual-Attention Net: A Deep Attentional Neural Network for Keyphrase Generation.

Neural keyphrase generation (NKG) is a recently proposed approach to automatically extract keyphrase from a document. Unlike the traditional keyphrase...

Automatic Quantification of COVID-19 Pulmonary Edema by Self-supervised Contrastive Learning.

We proposed a self-supervised machine learning method to automatically rate the severity of pulmonary edema in the frontal chest X-ray radiographs (CX...

ChatGPT in medical research: challenging time ahead.

Since its launch, ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-powered language model tool, has generated significant attention in research writing. The use of...

Early monitoring-to-warning Internet of Things system for emerging infectious diseases via networking of light-triggered point-of-care testing devices.

Early monitoring and warning arrangements are effective ways to distinguish infectious agents and control the spread of epidemic diseases. Current tes...

Stochastic scheduling of autonomous mobile robots at hospitals.

This paper studies the scheduling of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) at hospitals where the stochastic travel times and service times of AMRs are affe...

Temporal Convolutional Network-Based Signal Detection for Magnetotactic Bacteria Communication System.

Molecular communication (MC) aims to use signaling molecules as information carriers to achieve communication between biological entities. However, MC...

CryoREAD: de novo structure modeling for nucleic acids in cryo-EM maps using deep learning.

DNA and RNA play fundamental roles in various cellular processes, where their three-dimensional structures provide information critical to understandi...

A Machine Learning Approach to Predict HIV Viral Load Hotspots in Kenya Using Real-World Data.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning models are not in routine use for predicting HIV status. Our objective is to describe the development of a machine learni...

Identification of a New Compound (4-Fluoro-2-Trifluoromethyl Imidazole) Extracted from a New Halophilic Strain Persiangulf TA2 Isolated from the Northern Persian Gulf with Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Effect.

BACKGROUND: The unique ecosystem of the Persian Gulf has made it a rich source of natural antimicrobial compounds produced by various microorganisms, ...

Molecular Identification of Endophyte LTL-G3, Its Antifungal Potential and Bioactive Substances.

BACKGROUND: Endophyte is one of the potential biocontrol agents for inhibiting plant pathogens. However, the mechanisms and characteristics involved i...