Infectious Disease

Weissella cibaria EIR/P2-derived exopolysaccharide: A novel alternative to conventional biomaterials targeting periodontal regeneration.

Healing and regeneration of periodontium are considered as a complex physiological process. Therefore, treatments need to be addressed with highly effective components modulating the multiple pathways. In this study, exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by Weissella cibaria EIR/P2, was partially purified from the culture supernatant and subjected to characterization within the aim of evaluating its po...

Prediction of rifampicin resistance beyond the RRDR using structure-based machine learning approaches.

Rifampicin resistance is a major therapeutic challenge, particularly in tuberculosis, leprosy, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus infections, where it develops via missense mutations in gene rpoB. Previously we have highlighted that these mutations reduce protein affinities within the RNA polymerase complex, subsequently reducing nucleic acid affinity. Here, we have used these insights to develop a compu...

Prognostic Value and Reproducibility of AI-assisted Analysis of Lung Involvement in COVID-19 on Low-Dose Submillisievert Chest CT: Sample Size Implications for Clinical Trials.

PURPOSE: To compare the prognostic value and reproducibility of visual versus AI-assisted analysis of lung involvement on submillisievert low-dose che...

2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia on CT: A Feasibility Study of Few-Shot Learning for Computerized Diagnosis of Emergency Diseases.

COVID-19 is an emerging disease with transmissibility and severity. So far, there are no effective therapeutic drugs or vaccines for COVID-19. The mos...

Effect of Obesity on Clinical Outcomes of Patients Treated With Cefepime.

As the prevalence of obesity climbs, dosing of antimicrobials, particularly cephalosporins, is becoming a greater challenge for clinicians. Data are ...

Development, evaluation, and validation of machine learning models for COVID-19 detection based on routine blood tests.

OBJECTIVES: The rRT-PCR test, the current gold standard for the detection of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), presents with known shortcomings, such as...

Telerobotic ultrasound to provide obstetrical ultrasound services remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic.

INTRODUCTION: Obstetrical ultrasound imaging is critical in identifying at-risk pregnancies and informing clinical management. The coronavirus disease...

The implementation of a rapid sample preparation method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in a diagnostic laboratory in South Africa.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in shortages of both critical reagents for nucleic acid purification and highly trained staff as supply chains ar...

Chest x-ray analysis with deep learning-based software as a triage test for pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy for culture-confirmed disease.

BACKGROUND: Deep learning-based radiological image analysis could facilitate use of chest x-rays as triage tests for pulmonary tuberculosis in resourc...

Codon optimization with deep learning to enhance protein expression.

Heterologous expression is the main approach for recombinant protein production ingenetic synthesis, for which codon optimization is necessary. The ex...

Predicting antimicrobial resistance using conserved genes.

A growing number of studies are using machine learning models to accurately predict antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes from bacterial sequence ...

A multi-task pipeline with specialized streams for classification and segmentation of infection manifestations in COVID-19 scans.

We are concerned with the challenge of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) detection in chest X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT) scans, and the classificat...

Development of a prognostic model for mortality in COVID-19 infection using machine learning.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel disease resulting from infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), whi...

AI-driven quantification, staging and outcome prediction of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in 2019 and disseminated around the world rapidly. Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been proven to be ...

Effective attention-based network for syndrome differentiation of AIDS.

BACKGROUND: Syndrome differentiation aims at dividing patients into several types according to their clinical symptoms and signs, which is essential f...

Diagnosis of common pulmonary diseases in children by X-ray images and deep learning.

Acute lower respiratory infection is the leading cause of child death in developing countries. Current strategies to reduce this problem include early...

Antibiotics are not necessary during routine cystoscopic stent removal: A randomized controlled trial at UC San Diego.

INTRODUCTION: Current American Urological Association (AUA) Best Practice Statement recommends antibiotic prophylaxis for cystoscopy with manipulation...

Continuous Infusion Low-Dose Unfractionated Heparin for the Management of Hypercoagulability Associated With COVID-19.

INTRODUCTION: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with severe hypercoagulability. There is currently limited evidence supporting the...

UVC disinfection robot.

The aim of the present work is to contribute in the fight against the spread of Covid-19, a novel human coronavirus, in hospitals, public transport, a...

A Point-of-Care, Real-Time Artificial Intelligence System to Support Clinician Diagnosis of a Wide Range of Skin Diseases.

Dermatological diagnosis remains challenging for nonspecialists because the morphologies of primary skin lesions widely vary from patient to patient. ...