Infectious Disease

DDTRN: Predicting Bacterial Transcriptional Regulatory Networks Based on Gene Sequences using Dual Descriptor

Accurate computational reconstruction of bacterial transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) from sequence information alone remains a fundamental challenge in systems biology, particularly for non-model organisms lacking extensive transcriptomic data. We present DDTRN, a sequence-driven framework that formulates TRN inference as a binary classification task over concatenated regulator-target gene ...

Epigenetic signatures of infection within and across generations in the endangered Loggerhead sea turtle

Infection can substantially reduce host fitness and influence population dynamics, yet it is often difficult to detect and quantify in wild animal populations. Molecular tools offer a valuable means of identifying cryptic infection in natural systems. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, we examined whether infection with the parasitic leech Ozobranchus margoi is associated with DNA methylatio...

Gaps in Congenital Heart Disease Care: Social Drivers and Clinical Consequences

BackgroundGaps in care (GIC) among patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are associated with adverse outcomes, yet the specific social and heal...

Proposed Context-of-Use Evaluation Framework for Medication Management Tasks Completed by Generative Artificial Intelligence

Background: Standardized evaluation of agentic artificial intelligence (AI) for medication management is lacking. Given the potential lethality of med...

Cross-LLM AI platform meta-research: Non-inferiority of bovine milk-based fortifiers to human milk-based fortifiers

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), frequently resulting in sepsis, is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality of pre-term newborns. However,...

Optical flow reveals motility signatures for inferring pathogenic bacterial mixture compositions via temporal convolutional networks

With the rapid expansion of global food demand, aquaculture has become a critical pillar for future food security. However, aquaculture systems remain...

Accurate Recognition of Pneumonia and COVID-19 by Geometric Shape Normalization of Lung Region using Automatic Landmark Detection and Piecewise Affine Warping

This paper presents an automatic system for recognizing pulmonary diseases in chest X-rays using geometric normalization of the lung region. The metho...

A Point Cloud Transformer for Remote Monitoring and Automated Assessment of Physical Rehabilitation Exercises

Rehabilitation exercises are essential in restoring lost physical functions of patients suffering from various diseases (e.g., Parkinson's, back pain)...

Bridging the NISQ and Fault-Tolerant Regimes: Generative-ML-Assisted Quantum Selected CI for Molecular Simulations

Calculation of binding energies for protein-ligand molecular systems requires accurate treatment of the electronic structure, a quantum chemistry prob...

EpiESM-GA: Resource-Efficient Protein Foundation Model Features for Equitable B-Cell Epitope Prediction

Prediction of B-cell epitopes can assist in reducing costly wet-lab screening in vaccine design, diagnostics, and antibody discovery. However, current...

Multi-Omics Clustering Differentiates the Total and Intact HIV Reservoirs and Related Host Immune Mechanisms

HIV reservoirs are heterogeneous across individuals, yet host determinants of this variability remain unclear. Applying multi-omics clustering to 1,23...

ADVISE: A Machine Learning Framework for Early Recognition of a Surrogate Marker for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Using Routinely Collected Critical Care Data

BackgroundVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent nosocomial infection in critical care, affecting 20-36% of mechanically ventilate...

Impact of Covid-19 on Bangladeshi university students mental health: ML and DL analysis

The Covid-19 outbreak has adversely influenced university students across the world both physically and psychologically. The psychological struggle fa...

Semi-quantitative Classification of HIV-1 Nucleic Acids Using ResNet Image Analysis of Discretized Isothermal Amplification Reactions in a Microfluidic Chip

Isothermal nucleic acid amplification tests enable rapid and decentralized molecular diagnostics but often lack robust quantitative readouts compared ...

BATTLE-AMP: Benchmarking Antimicrobial Peptide Predictors

As antimicrobial resistance outpaces antibiotic development, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a promising class of alternative antibacter...

KG-TRACE: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework for Mechanistic Grounding in Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction

While WGS-based AMR prediction has reached high accuracy, existing models lack a mechanism to ground neural attributions in established biological pat...

biomeStat: Using Agentic AI for Scalable Genomic Epidemiology Demonstrated Through End-to-End Analysis of 1,000 Asian Dengue Virus Genomes

Genomic epidemiology workflows typically require expert curation of multiple specialized tools, extensive manual parameter tuning, and access to heter...

Modelling the decadal expansion of West Nile virus in Italy: the role of climatic, anthropogenic, and macroecological drivers

Abstract BACKGROUND West Nile virus (WNV) is a growing health burden in Italy. Anticipating human infection risk is hampered by the pathogen's complex...

Label-free Pathogen Identification with Microscopy Imaging and Deep Learning

Rapid and accurate pathogen identification is crucial for the clinical management of infectious diseases, particularly sepsis and severe respiratory i...

Real-world results from a Machine Learning-guided, phenotypic High-Throughput Screen for novel antibiotics

Antimicrobial resistance is an urgent global health threat, with over 2.8 million multidrug-resistant infections killing over 35,000 annually in the U...