Infectious Disease

AI in Point-of-Care Imaging for Clinical Decision Support: Systematic Review of Diagnostic Accuracy, Task-Shifting, and Explainability.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) integrated with point-of-care imaging is a promising approach to expand access in settings with limited specialist availability. However, no systematic review has comprehensively evaluated AI-assisted clinical decision support across multiple point-of-care imaging modalities, assessed explainability implementation, or quantified clinical impact evidence gap...

Multimodal Depression Detection Through Conversational Interactions with an Emotion-Aware Social Robot: Pilot Study.

BACKGROUND: Depression affects more than 300 million people worldwide and is a leading contributor to the global disease burden. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as structured clinical interviews, are reliable but impractical for frequent or large-scale screening. Self-report tools like the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) require disclosure and clinician oversight, limiting accessibilit...

Antimycobacterial Peptides: From Natural Product Discovery to AI Guided Design.

Mycobacterial pathogens remain major global health threats, exacerbated by both rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance and the formidable drug dif...

DDA-BERT: end-to-end training for data-dependent acquisition mass spectrometry-based proteomics.

Peptide-spectrum match (PSM) rescoring is critical for accurate peptide identification in data-dependent acquisition (DDA)-based proteomics. Existing ...

Augmented prediction of multi-species protein-RNA interactions using evolutionary conservation of RNA-binding proteins.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression. Recent studies have begun to detail the RNA recognition mechanis...

Bi-linguistic performance of large language models in multimodal analysis for differentiating jawbone-destroying malignancy from osteomyelitis.

Integrating microbial bioremediation, multi-omics, and emerging technologies for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) detoxification.

Environmental organic pollutants, identified as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), are widespread and toxic. These hydrocarbons are commonly pro...

Machine Learning-Guided Synthetic Microbial Communities Enable Functional and Sustainable Degradation of Persistent Environmental Pollutants.

Persistent environmental pollutants require diverse microbial metabolic capabilities for effective degradation. While naturally occurring consortia or...

Antibiotic resistance prediction with an attention-based bi-LSTM clinical decision support system.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Antimicrobial resistance is recognized by the World Health Organization as a significant global health threat. In clinical p...

Plasma multi-omics profiling unravels molecular alterations and biomarker panels during recovery from severe coronavirus disease 2019: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: The potential multidimensional molecular alterations during recovery of severe patients with coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) rem...

Machine learning-enabled diagnosis of viral respiratory infections from exhaled volatile organic compound analysis.

Atomic clarity: how structural biology is shaping blood-stage malaria vaccines.

Developing an effective malaria vaccine is challenging because Plasmodium parasites use complex strategies to invade host cells. The blood stage, wher...

Toward Precise Risk Stratification after the Functional Cure of Chronic Hepatitis B.

Chronic hepatitis B remains a major global health challenge despite the advances in antiviral therapy. Although hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) se...

Identification and multi-layered experimental validation of feature genes related to butyrate metabolism and oxidative stress in sepsis.

The mechanisms underlying sepsis remain poorly understood and specific therapeutic options remain lacking. Accumulating evidence suggests that butyrat...

Machine learning-empowered smartphone platforms for sustainable point-of-care bacterial detection.

Smartphone-based biosensing has rapidly evolved into a practical route for decentralized bacterial detection, enabled by advances in miniaturized opti...

The ecological framework of population health - Adding public trust as a forcing factor for U.S. life expectancy and COVID-19 mortality.

OBJECTIVES: What are the factors that set the stage for health status and outcomes in the United States (U.S.)? This complex question is rarely consid...

Herbal extracts as antibiotic adjuvants against ESKAPE pathogens: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance, particularly driven by ESKAPE pathogens, poses a serious threat to global public health. With the s...

Integrative multi-kingdom gut microbiome analysis uncovers clinical signatures of major depressive disorder.

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiome is significantly altered in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, most studies hav...

From modular engineering to practical applications: Advances in GPCR-based yeast biosensors.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are pivotal biosensing elements for biosensors due to their high ligand sensitivity and specificity. Capitalizing ...

Dango: Predicting higher-order genetic interactions.

Higher-order genetic interactions have profound implications for understanding the molecular mechanisms of phenotypic variation, yet they remain poorl...