Infectious Disease

Artificial Intelligence Applications in COVID-19-Associated Coagulopathy: Lessons Learned.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated coagulopathy (CAC) is a thromboinflammatory syndrome marked by endothelial injury, micro- and macrovascular thrombosis, and, in a minority, late consumptive bleeding. D-dimer elevation was found to be one of the most consistent laboratory abnormalities and an established marker of severity. In this review, we explore how artificial intelligence method...

Stage-dependent gut microbiome and functional signatures across the liver disease spectrum: an integrative multicohort study.

BACKGROUND: The gut-liver axis plays a critical role in liver disease progression; however, how gut microbial ecology and function vary across disease stages remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To define stage-specific microbial and functional signatures and evaluate their diagnostic potential. DESIGN: We analysed faecal samples from 1168 individuals spanning healthy controls, fatty liver, hepatitis, cirr...

The inflammation-microvascular axis in prognosis: Integrated FAI and AMR assessment for risk stratification after PCI in NSTEMI patients.

BACKGROUND: Despite successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) remain ...

Conditioning Public Opinion Perceptions by "Survey Methods 101": Informing, Engaging, and Motivating Individuals for Critical Processing of Public Opinion Polls.

Can we train individuals on survey methods to boost their critical processing of public opinion evidence? While polls are one of the most systematic a...

Co-localization analysis of spatial transcriptomics in ligand-receptor pairs from tumor microenvironment.

Ligand-receptor pair analysis, a key aspect of cell-to-cell interactions, is vital for understanding physiological and pathological processes in organ...

Machine learning algorithms for identifying tuberculous pericardial effusion: insights from a retrospective study in Vietnam.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculous pericardial effusion (TPE) presents significant diagnostic challenges due to its nonspecific clinical presentation and similar...

Recent Advances in the Non-viral Delivery of Genes to Central Nervous System Disorders.

Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), neurological disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, genetic disorders) constitute a significant burden...

Noninvasive SARS-CoV-2 detection using a low-cost electronic nose.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need for rapid and accurate SARS-CoV-2 detection. Current diagnostic methods often suffer from discomfort...

Prediction of gene expression levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on chromatin accessibility using multiple machine learning models.

Chromatin accessibility is generally associated with the binding of transcription factors and other regulatory proteins, which is fundamental to gover...

Early detection of ampicillin susceptibility in Enterococcus faecium with MALDI-TOF MS and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Enterococcus faecium can cause severe infections and is often resistant to the first-line antibiotic ampicillin. Consequently, clinicians ...

[Advances in integrated antimicrobial resistance diagnostics: quantitative, qualitative and AI-driven approaches].

The rapid global increase in antimicrobial resistance complicates the treatment of life-threatening infections and makes fast, reliable antimicrobial ...

Causal and spatiotemporal deep learning for dengue forecasting and extreme outbreak risk under climate variability: a framework from Vietnam.

The Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Current Teaching Methods, Training, and Perception among Romanian Surgery-Oriented Students: Observational, Cross-Sectional Multicentric Study.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic prompted rapid changes in medical education, accelerating the adoption of online and distance learning methods as al...

Shotgun metagenomic analysis of the oral microbiomes of children with noma.

Noma is a rapidly progressive orofacial gangrene that predominantly affects children living in extreme poverty. Despite its documentation since antiqu...

Reusing health records from farm animal practices at scale: A potential complementary method of surveillance.

BACKGROUND: Disease in primary care frequently represents a surveillance blind spot, particularly for diseases affecting farm animals. METHODS: Electr...

Ligand Conformational Variability Enhances Machine Learning Prediction of Protein-Ligand Binding Affinity.

Rapid and accurate screening of protein-ligand binding affinities using machine learning (ML) remains a challenging yet critical task in drug discover...

AI-driven design of antimicrobial peptide for combating resistance and infectious diseases.

The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance, coupled with the challenges of developing new antibiotics, demands innovative therapeutic solutions. A...

Identification and experimental validation of biomarkers associated with integrated stress response in sepsis.

BACKGROUND: Strategies that specifically target the integrated stress response (ISR) as a therapeutic approach in sepsis remain largely unexplored. Th...

Challenges and Opportunities for Improved Tuberculosis and HIV Prevention in South America.

Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cause significant morbidity and mortality in South America. Despite the advances in active ca...

Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Length of Stay and Treatment Response in Pediatric Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis: An Irregular Fuzzy Cellular Automata Approach Across Pre- and During-COVID-19 Periods.

OBJECTIVE: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered treatment strategies and healthcare utilization patterns in pediatric respiratory diseases. Giv...