Infectious Disease

The oral cavity of chronically homeless adults is home for unusual extremophile environmental bacteria.

Chronically homeless adults (CHA) face limited healthcare access, frequent substance use, contact with animals that significantly alter their oral microenvironment. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiota in this understudied population. We analyzed saliva from CHA and asymptomatic men with no history of homelessness in Mexico City. V1-V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced in...

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Padina tetrastromatica against malaria and deciphering the mechanism through machine learning driven metabolomics and network pharmacology.

Malaria remains a major public health challenge due to drug and insecticide resistance, underscoring the need for novel therapies with distinct mechanisms of action. In this study, silver nanoparticles were green-synthesized using the brown marine algae Padina tetrastromatica (Ag-PT) and evaluated through integrated in vitro, in vivo, metabolomics, network pharmacology, and in silico approaches. A...

Harnessing bacterial power and omics technologies for sustainable plastic waste biodegradation.

Plastic pollution constitutes a critical environmental concern of this era, with synthetic polymers, i.e., polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthala...

Accelerated discovery of highly active enzyme nanohybrids with parallelized Bayesian optimization in hybrid space.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly advanced protein engineering, enabling rapid enzyme evolution for diverse applications. However, the fr...

Integrated microneedle patch and machine learning in time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatography test strip for accurate and rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B in salmon.

Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) is a leading cause of foodborne illness. In this study, we developed a time-resolved fluorescent immunochrom...

Overcoming gastrointestinal mucosal barriers: Mechanistic innovations and technical advances in mucosal targeting strategies for animal oral vaccines.

Infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms (such as Escherichia coli, Avian influenza virus (AIV), Rotavirus, etc.) that primarily invade...

Gut microbial modulation of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and dopaminergic signalling influences attention in obesity.

BACKGROUND: Obesity-related alterations in the gut microbiota have been linked to cognitive decline, yet their relationship with attention remains poo...

An integrated water quality assessment and its prediction utilizing the CWQI, CRITIC based-improved CWQI, sensitivity analysis, multivariate techniques, machine learning algorithms and GIS approaches to determine pollution intensities in the river basin (Odisha).

The Mahanadi River is a vital water resource for the Odisha region, supporting both local agriculture and drinking water needs. However, increasing hu...

Global, regional, and national burden of Clostridioides difficile infection (1990-2021) with projections to 2051: A multimodal analysis integrating machine learning (SHAP-XGBoost) and GBD 2021 data.

AMR-GNN: a multi-representation graph neural network framework to enable genomic antimicrobial resistance prediction.

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data are an invaluable resource for understanding antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms. However, WGS data are high-...

The relationship between urinary tract infections and sepsis: results from Mendelian randomization and MIMIC data study.

Predicting VRE Infection After Liver Transplantation With a Time-Updated Colonization Score.

BACKGROUND: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection is a life-threatening complication after liver transplantation (LT). This study aimed to...

Integrative multi-omics and machine learning identify mitochondrial biomarkers for pathogen-specific sepsis stratification and translational prioritization.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a leading cause of critical illness and mortality, yet substantial heterogeneity limits risk stratification and biomarker transl...

Predictive divergence in machine learning models for clinical mortality risk: A multicohort study of covid-19 patients.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) algorithms are increasingly used in healthcare to support clinical decision-making. While models with similar overal...

Machine learning prediction of weight gain after antiretroviral therapy initiation in people with HIV: Insights from a large french real-world cohort.

Excessive weight gain after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has become a recognized concern among people living with HIV. Individual weight...

Machine learning framework for early detection of polio outbreaks from acute flaccid paralysis surveillance data.

Poliomyelitis remains a global public health concern despite remarkable progress toward eradication. The continued circulation of vaccine-derived poli...

NatProCP: A plant-derived natural products database for crop protection targeting SDH1 protein of Magnaporthe oryzae.

Research on natural products has grown rapidly in recent years, with various therapeutic compounds reported in the scientific literature for preventin...

Cross-Cultural Differences in Public Discourse on COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States and South Korea: Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Natural Language Processing.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 vaccine was introduced as a crucial tool to combat the pandemic. However, concerns about its effectiveness, side effects, and...

Artificial Intelligence-based Gram Stain Classification: Accuracy and Clinical Utility in Positive Blood Cultures.

INTRODUCTION: With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, AI has been applied to the detection of pathogens that cause infe...

Development of machine-learning models to diagnose influenza among international travellers based on symptoms and epidemiological information.

INTRODUCTION: The importation of infectious diseases has increased dramatically in recent years. The diagnosis of such diseases has traditionally been...