Infectious Disease

Emerging Trends and Innovations in Radiologic Diagnosis of Thoracic Diseases.

Over the past decade, Investigative Radiology has published numerous studies that have fundamentally advanced the field of thoracic imaging. This review summarizes key developments in imaging modalities, computational tools, and clinical applications, highlighting major breakthroughs in thoracic diseases-lung cancer, pulmonary nodules, interstitial lung disease (ILD), chronic obstructive pulmonary...

Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography and Machine Learning for Subphenotyping Small Airways Disease in Long COVID.

PURPOSE: To investigate imaging phenotypes in posthospitalized COVID-19 patients by integrating quantitative CT (QCT) and machine learning (ML), with a focus on small airway disease (SAD) and its correlation with plethysmography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this single-center cross-sectional retrospective study, a subanalysis of a larger prospective cohort, 257 adult survivors from the initial COVID...

Advancing Global Nursing Policy: AI-Driven Health Literacy Innovations for Migrant Domestic Workers.

AIM: This perspective proposes evidence-informed strategies to advance health literacy equity for migrant domestic workers (MDWs) globally, integratin...

Techniques to Detect and Quantify the Bacterial Metalloprotease AprX in Bovine Milk: A Review.

The heat-stable metalloprotease AprX, secreted by psychrotrophic Pseudomonas spp., is a major cause of quality deterioration in dairy products, partic...

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) for Evaluating Regulatory Compliance of Drug Information and Clinical Trial Protocols.

The purpose was to evaluate retrieval-augmented generative (RAG) artificial intelligence (AI) methods for assessing the regulatory compliance of drug ...

Deep-learning methods for contrast enhancement and artifact reduction in cryo-electron tomography: a systematic analysis of the state of the art and proposed improvements.

Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) has emerged as the preferred technique for visualizing the organization of macromolecular complexes in situ and res...

Evaluation of Information Generated by ChatGPT on Preventing Peripheral Venous Catheter-Related Infections.

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy and completeness of information generated by ChatGPT models in preventing peripheral intravenous catheter-related infect...

Stunning Intricacies of RNA Editing Complexes RECC, RESC, and REH2C: Functional Organization, Developmental Regulation, and Evolutionary History in Kinetoplastid Protists.

RNA metabolism in kinetoplastid protists (Kinetoplastea), including trypanosomes and Leishmania, involves unique post-transcriptional mitochondrial RN...

Tape-assisted nanoplasmonic biosensors for facile protein-on-chip visualization and multiplexed point-of-care diagnostics.

Visual point-of-care testing (POCT) technologies convert biomolecular events into naked-eye readable signals. These systems offer rapid assay times, u...

Multidimensional cfRNA response modeling identifies a 5-gene pair signature for high-robust pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis.

Lack of non-invasive biomarkers hinders pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) management. We developed a multidimensional machine learning framework to systema...

Machine learning to optimize precision in the analysis of randomized trials: A journey in pre-specified, yet data-adaptive learning.

Covariate adjustment is an approach to improve the precision of trial analyses by adjusting for baseline variables that are prognostic of the primary ...

Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Health: From Dysbiosis to Therapeutics.

The gut microbiota (GM) is a pivotal regulator of host metabolism and a contributor to the pathophysiology of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and meta...

Nanozymes for Liver Disease Therapy: Advances in Catalytic Activity, Targeting Strategies, and Clinical Translation.

Natural and artificial enzymes have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications, possessing the potential to address redox imbalances ...

AI in clinical trials: Current status, challenges, and future directions for emergency infectious disease clinical trials -Insights from the 2025 iCROWN Symposium.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform how drug development and clinical trials are conducted. The 2025 Infectious Disease Clinic...

Evaluating Guideline-Adherent Antibiotic Use for Skin Infections Using Natural Language Processing: A Pilot Study.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and evaluate an internally validated natural language processing (NLP) model to determine guideline adherence of antibiotic deci...

Exploring the role of phage resistance by using label-free SERS for biochemical profiling of gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with machine learning approach.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an emerging gram-negative pathogen, accountable for diverse and chronic nosocomial infections, particularly ...

Skin-Interfaced Wireless Biomechanical System for Detecting Aspiration in Elderly Populations.

Aspiration is prevalent in the elderly population, and can lead to life-threatening conditions such as suffocation and aspiration pneumonia. However, ...

Identification of Aspergillus at section and species levels by artificial intelligence-based microscopic morphology image recognition.

Rapid and accurate identification of Aspergillus species in clinical microbiology laboratories is crucial for aspergillosis diagnosis and antifungal t...

The regional landscape of the human colon culturome in health and cystic fibrosis.

UNLABELLED: Cystic fibrosis (CF) alters gut physiology, yet its impact on microbial communities across colonic regions (ascending, transverse, descend...

Bacterial laccases for green remediation of contaminants of emerging concern: from molecular cloning to metagenomic and computational insights.

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are increasingly recognized for their persistence, widespread occurrence, and potential risks to environmental...