Leukemia

Deep Learning Spatial Profiling of CD103+CD8+ T Cells and Survival in Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy

Background: CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are established prognostic markers in colorectal cancer, yet the clinical significance of CD103+CD8+ tissue-resident memory-like (TRM-like) T cells in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) remains unknown. Methods: We quantified CD8+ and CD103+CD8+ T-cell densities in stromal and intratumoral compart...

Frontier Large Language Models for Comprehensive Medication Review in CKD Patients with Polypharmacy: A Trap-Embedded Synthetic Benchmark

Background: Patients with CKD and polypharmacy face high rates of drug-related problems, yet comprehensive medication review remains time-intensive and inconsistently performed. Large language models (LLMs) may augment this process, but existing benchmarks use multiple-choice formats that do not reflect open-ended, nephrology-specific review. We developed a trap-embedded synthetic CKD benchmark an...

dbGIST: An LLM-Assisted Multi-Omics Resource for Target Exploration and Cross-Dataset Validation in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, yet GIST-specific omics evidence rema...

Molecular Characterization of T-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by an Optimal-Transport Based Multi-Omics Integration Framework

T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive pediatric malignancy characterized by complex heterogeneity across multiple molecular ...

Normative modeling for quantitative brain MRI phenotyping and biomarker discovery for pediatric leukodystrophies

Importance: Leukodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders affecting the white matter of the brain, often presenting with overlapping...

Identification of amino acid metabolism-related biomarkers in liver fibrosis: a transcriptomic analysis with experimental validation

Background Liver fibrosis (LF) represents a pivotal pathological phase in the advancement of chronic liver disorders toward cirrhosis. Amino acid meta...

Algebraic Machine Learning for Small-to-Medium Datasets Is Competitive against Strong Standard Baselines

Symbolic methods are generally not considered competitive with strong modern learners on realistic supervised tasks. We evaluate Algebraic Machine Lea...

A Bioprinted Head and Neck Cancer Organoid-Based Platform for Evaluating Multimodal Therapies

Treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often involves radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immun...

Domain-adversarial learning predicts clinically actionable drug combination synergy in leukemia patients using bulk transcriptomics data

Deep learning has gained popularity in drug combination synergy prediction; however, DL models require large training datasets from cell line pharmaco...

Transcript architecture predetermines m6A remodeling and sensory neuron vulnerability in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Whether individual transcripts carry intrinsic features that predetermine their response to external perturbations is unknown. Here we used nanopore d...

Plasmatic immune extracellular vesicle profiles identify prodromal and early stages of Parkinson's disease

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold promise as minimally invasive biomarkers for neurodegenerative proteinopathies, but disease- and stage-specific prof...

Predicting Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer from CT Baseline Using Multi-Loss Deep Learning

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy: around 60% of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, with an associated 5-year surviva...

Generative machine learning unlocks the first proteome-wide image of human cells

The spatial organization of proteins within cells governs virtually all cellular functions. Yet, current imaging technologies can simultaneously visua...

Uncertainty-aware graph representation learning with positive-unlabeled classification for biomarker discovery in peripheral artery disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a complex vascular disorder characterized by heterogeneous molecular mechanisms and incomplete functional annotatio...

PRISM: Perinuclear Ring-based Image Segmentation Method for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification

Automated analysis of peripheral blood smears for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is hindered by low contrast and substantial variability in cytopl...

Kinome profiling allows examination and prediction of kinase inhibitor cardiotoxicity

Background: Despite improved cancer outcomes with kinase inhibitors (KIs), their cardiotoxicity remains a significant clinical challenge. Current appr...

The Relatives Experience Questionnaire for Acute Inpatient Child and Adolescence Mental Health Services (REQ-AICAMHS): reliability and validity following a Norwegian survey

Introduction: Adolescents with mental health disorders represent a vulnerable group with complex care needs, yet their and their relatives experiences...

Quantum kernel support vector machines for trabecular bone classification: comparing feature reduction strategies on synthetic micro-CT data

Quantum kernel methods offer a potential advantage for classification tasks in high-dimensional feature spaces, yet their practical benefit critically...

Mechanistic learning to predict and understand minimal residual disease

Mechanistic modeling has long been used as a tool to describe the dynamics of biological systems, especially cancer in response to treatment. Their ke...

Recurrent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Chemotherapy Control under Partial Observability

Chemotherapy dose optimization can be formulated as a dynamic treatment regime, requiring sequential decisions under uncertainty that must balance tum...