Leukemia

Hematopoietic stem cell aging: a review of transcriptional and multi-omics insights and potential paths for AI integration.

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) aging underlies age-related immune decline, anemia and increased risk of hematologic malignancies, including clonal hematopoiesis and leukemia. Many available microarray and bulk RNA sequencing studies have elucidated conserved transcriptional hallmarks, such as myeloid bias, inflammation dysregulation, and self-renewal reinforcement in aged HSCs across mouse and huma...

Prognostic value of body composition analysis in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy: a systematic evaluation of TotalSegmentator-based biomarkers.

PURPOSE: Body composition parameters offer objective, imaging-derived prognostic biomarkers, valuable in the context of oncological diseases. This study evaluated the predictive value for overall survival of body composition parameters automatically derived via TotalSegmentator in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively included pretreatment CT of chest,...

Multimodal Artificial Intelligence System for Risk-Adapted Cancer Survivorship Surveillance: A Multicenter Target Trial Emulation.

BACKGROUND: The growing population of cancer survivors faces immense monitoring burdens due to rigid follow-up guidelines, such as the intensive surve...

Deep learning applications in osteosarcoma MRI: A systematic review of recent advances in AI-based osteosarcoma diagnosis.

Primary malignant bone tumours of the skeleton have a great diversity in their biological behaviour, and the most common in adolescence is osteosarcom...

Detecting scoliosis at scale using automated cobb angle analysis in the UK biobank.

PURPOSE: Adult degenerative scoliosis arises after skeletal maturity in an initially normal spine, primarily driven by age-related degeneration. The C...

Distinct tDCS montages act via dissociable lateralization mechanisms to enhance motor function in chronic stroke.

The imbalance in interhemispheric functional connectivity following stroke fundamentally impedes motor recovery. Although transcranial direct current ...

Long-term PM2.5 exposure and leukemia risk from childhood to early adulthood: A nationwide longitudinal cohort study with time-varying exposure analysis.

Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been suggested as an environmental risk factor for childhood leukemia. This study examined t...

Dimensionality reduction enables MRD visualization in single-sample flow cytometric analysis in acute leukemia.

Minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) analysis using multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC-MRD) is essential for therapy stratification in acute leu...

Integration of single-cell transcriptomics and genomic mutation analysis identifies an immunotherapy-resistant tumor subcluster and validates ARNTL2 as a malignant driver in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy resistance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a critical clinical challenge, and the mechanisms underlying resistance-ass...

Beyond Morphology: Reframing Lymph-Node Metastasis Prediction Through Clonal Ecology-Decades-Long Genomic Instability and Polyclonal-to-Monoclonal Transitions as the Missing Dimension in Cancer.

Recent whole-genome, lineage-tracing, single-cell, and spatial studies have reshaped our understanding of tumor evolution, revealing that cancers can ...

Transcriptomic Profiling of Mouse Mammary Tumors Enables Prognostic and Predictive Biomarker Discovery for Human Breast Cancer.

The development and validation of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer is limited by the availability of well-annotated datasets link...

AI-derived opportunistic screening using chest radiographs identifies age- and sex-associated bone mineral density patterns and supports earlier osteoporosis evaluation.

UNLABELLED: AI-derived opportunistic screening using routine chest radiographs was evaluated in 6,028 adults and internally validated against DXA in a...

Altered Complement and Tubular Mitochondrial Proteins Are Linked to Graft Loss in DSA+ Antibody-Mediated Rejection.

BACKGROUND: Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is the main driver of late kidney allograft loss. Anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSA) are strongly ...

Modeling microbiome modulation of tumor metabolic networks to predict synergistic therapies.

Differences in microbiome composition profoundly influence drug response, yet methods to model the metabolic impact of microbes on host cells and ther...

Building Machine Learning Models Based on Oxidative Stress Index Score to Predict Survival of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Receiving Different Neoadjuvant Therapy Patterns.

BACKGROUND: Liver enzyme biomarkers are known to contribute to the onset and progression of colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel oxidative...

Free energy perturbation and machine learning-assisted identification of potential MAP3K8 hit molecules: a comprehensive structure- and ligand-based studies.

MAP3K8, also known as COT or Tpl2, is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a pivotal role in regulating the MAPK signaling pathway and pro-inflammator...

Validation of tumour-negative lymph node size as a novel independent prognostic biomarker in oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma: post hoc analysis of the UK MRC OE05 and ST03 randomised trials.

BACKGROUND: The size of tumour-negative regional lymph nodes (LNnegs) may be associated with the host antitumour immune response in patients with oeso...

Approaching a connectome of the human foveal retina.

The foveal retina is a unique primate specialization and a promising target for the first connectome of a human central nervous system structure. In t...

A large-scale dataset of functional mouse ganglion cell layer responses.

We present the ALL-GCL dataset, a large-scale resource of functional two-photon Ca2+-imaging recordings with rich metadata information from more than ...

A Three-Slice Deep Learning-Radiomics Nomogram for Challenging Renal Mass Cases: A Double-Center Study.

To determine the optimal spatial-depth architecture for deep learning-radiomics (DLR) differentiation of fat-poor angiomyolipoma (fp-AML) from clear c...