Leukemia

Impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast tissue density and its correlation with pathologic response: a retrospective artificial intelligence-enhanced radiological study.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAT) on breast tissue density and examines the correlation between density changes and pathological response, while also assessing inter-reader agreement among radiologists and artificial intelligence (AI) tools. METHODS: The study included 135 women with triple-negative and/or HER2+ invasive ductal breast cancer who underwen...

Decoding the allosteric grammar of protein kinases: A dual-stream framework integrating protein language models and energy landscape frustration analysis.

The spatial and energetic encoding of allosteric regulatory sites remains a major challenge in structural biology, frequently representing a "blind spot" for sequence-based artificial intelligence (AI) models. We present a protein language model (PLM)-guided approach complemented by the energy landscape frustration analysis as a dual-stream framework to investigate the relationship between AI pred...

A Pharmaco-Epidemiological Research Program Leveraging a Nationwide Database of Kidney Transplantation.

OBJECTIVES: The pharmaco-epidemiological research program in kidney transplantation (PERP-KT) aims to evaluate, for the principal maintenance immunosu...

Multiomics Profiling Identifies Blood-Based Diagnostic Markers for Sepsis.

Sepsis, characterized by a rapid transition to systemic immune dysregulation and multiorgan failure, poses a formidable clinical challenge. The lack o...

Combined circulating tumor antigen model demonstrates additional prognostic value in first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Circulating tumor antigens (ctA; tumor markers) are blood-based proteins that can offer prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NS...

Predicting medication non-adherence using machine learning: Incorporating Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) beliefs in Malaysian chronic disease patients.

Medication non-adherence among chronic disease patients remains a major contributor to poor health outcomes and medication wastage, particularly in mu...

Comparison of accelerated MRI protocol approaches for clinical assessment of the knee.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance and image quality of four accelerated knee MRI protocols (~ 6 minutes) compared with a conventional ...

Impact of image reconstruction algorithms on histogram analysis of iodine concentration for assessing chemotherapy response in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of image reconstruction algorithms on histogram analysis of iodine concentration (IC) derived from dual-energy CT (DEC...

Use of heart rate variability in prediction of clinical deterioration in critically ill hospitalised adults: a systematic review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measurement derived from the beat-to-beat variation in heart rate and reflects the complex interaction...

A multimodal artificial intelligence method for accurate diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune gastritis (AIG), a chronic inflammatory disease associated with various comorbidities and complications, is often subject to mi...

Machine learning approaches to predict early cardiac immune-related adverse events in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

PURPOSE: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced cardiac immune-related adverse events (cardiac irAEs) are rare yet serious complications. Clinical ...

A Multitask Deep Learning Model for Pediatric Echocardiography Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Congenital heart defects afflict ≈1% of all births worldwide. Although deep learning has shown significant promise in automating and impro...

Screening of potential targets of (2S)-2'-methoxykurarinone against sepsis and in vivo verification in zebrafish model.

OBJECTIVE: To screen the potential core targets of (2S)-2'-Methoxykurarinone, a dimethyldihydroflavonoid derived from Sophora flavescens, against seps...

AI-Assisted Risk Stratification in Stage II Colorectal Cancer: Multi-Institutional Validation of Semantically-Enhanced Deep Learning.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Accurate risk stratification in stage II colorectal cancer is essential for treatment decision-making, as current guidelines reco...

Inflammation-linked aging signals in frozen single-cell foundation models: donor-aware detection and robustness testing.

Single-cell foundation models such as scGPT and Geneformer are large neural networks trained on human single-cell RNA-seq data. They were never shown ...

Current Treatment Options and Emerging Technologies for Pelvic Bone Tumors: From Limb Salvage to Precision Oncology.

In our practice, the treatment of pelvic bone tumors should begin with a multidisciplinary sarcoma-board evaluation that integrates biopsy-proven hist...

Developing a Histology-Based Artificial Intelligence Biomarker to Predict Adjuvant Chemotherapy Benefit in Pancreatic Cancer.

PURPOSE: The choice of adjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is mainly guided by patients' general condition. We hypothesiz...

Optimization of Multiparametric MRI Sequence Combinations for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate renal multiparametric MRI sequence combinations for early chronic kidney disease (CKD) detection and identify an...

Research and application of machine learning models based on multimodal big data for precise transfusion management in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous haematologic malignancy in which transfusion support represents an essential component of comp...

Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models as Decision-Support Tools in Hospital Compounding Pharmacy: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficiency and reliability of a large language model (LLM) as a decision-support tool in hospital compounding pharmacy for...