Medical Ethics / Professional Responsibility

Artificial intelligence for early gastric cancer boundary recognition in NBI and nF-NBI endoscopic images.

OBJECTIVES: Precise delineation of early gastric cancer (EGC) margins is essential for complete resection during endoscopic submucosal dissection. This study aimed to develop deep learning-based models for EGC boundary detection in narrow-band imaging (NBI) and near-focus NBI (NF-NBI) images.

SpyKing-Privacy-preserving framework for Spiking Neural Networks.

Artificial intelligence (AI) models, frequently built using deep neural networks (DNNs), have become integral to many aspects of modern life. However, the vast amount of data they process is not always secure, posing potential risks to privacy and safety. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables computations on encrypted data while preserving its confidentiality, making it a promising approach f...

Using physics-informed derivative networks to solve the forward problem of a free-convective boundary layer problem.

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have become powerful tools for solving various nonlinear differential equations. Although several PINN-based ...

Solving the Richards infiltration equation by coupling physics-informed neural networks with Hydrus-1D.

The movement and infiltration of groundwater play a crucial role in environmental engineering and water resource management. The Richards equation, a ...

Learning to care, caring to learn: the evolving nature of medical education.

As Otago Medical School marks its 150th anniversary, this paper reflects on what it means to train doctors for both today and the decades ahead. It tr...

ÆMMamba: An Efficient Medical Segmentation Model With Edge Enhancement.

Medical image segmentation is critical for disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognosis assessment, yet the complexity and diversity of medica...

An Australasian survey on the use of ChatGPT and other large language models in medical physics.

This study surveyed medical physicists in Australia and New Zealand on their use of large language models (LLMs), particularly ChatGPT. There is curre...

Grain boundary amorphization as a strategy to mitigate lithium dendrite growth in solid-state batteries.

Solid-state lithium metal batteries using garnet-type LiLaZrO electrolytes hold immense promise for next-generation energy storage, but grain boundary...

Using Nearest-Neighbor Distributions to Quantify Machine Learning of Materials' Microstructures.

Machine learning strategies for the semantic segmentation of materials' micrographs, such as U-Net, have been employed in recent years to enable the a...

Exon-intron boundary detection made easy by physicochemical properties of DNA.

Genome architecture in eukaryotes exhibits a high degree of complexity. Amidst the numerous intricacies, the existence of genes as non-continuous stre...

Balancing Act: Generative AI Tools and Scope of Practice in Health Coaching.

This article explores the effects of generative artificial intelligence (genAI) in health coaching, highlighting its potential benefits and ethical c...

A monocular endoscopic image depth estimation method based on a window-adaptive asymmetric dual-branch Siamese network.

Minimally invasive surgery involves entering the body through small incisions or natural orifices, using a medical endoscope for observation and clini...

Structural uncertainty estimation for medical image segmentation.

Precise segmentation and uncertainty estimation are crucial for error identification and correction in medical diagnostic assistance. Existing methods...

CUAMT: A MRI semi-supervised medical image segmentation framework based on contextual information and mixed uncertainty.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Semi-supervised medical image segmentation is a class of machine learning paradigms for segmentation model training and infe...

VMKLA-UNet: vision Mamba with KAN linear attention U-Net.

In the domain of medical image segmentation, while convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer-based architectures have attained notable succ...

Enhancing security in electromagnetic radiation therapy using fuzzy graph theory.

This research investigates the application of fuzzy graph theory to address critical security challenges in electromagnetic radiation therapy systems....

DCATNet: polyp segmentation with deformable convolution and contextual-aware attention network.

Polyp segmentation is crucial in computer-aided diagnosis but remains challenging due to the complexity of medical images and anatomical variations. C...

Enhancing cell instance segmentation in scanning electron microscopy images via a deep contour closing operator.

Accurately segmenting and individualizing cells in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images is a highly promising technique for elucidating tissue ar...

Hot Injection Assisted Electronically Modulated Twin and Grain Boundary Rich Sub-2 nm PtCo Alloy Resistant to Phosphate Ion for PEMFCs.

Modulation of the electronic d-band center, structural defects (line defects), and particle size of PtCo alloy electrocatalyst have huge significance ...

Design and Development of a Public AI Referee Assistance System Based on Harmony OS Platform.

The Hawkeye system was regarded as a successful and effective referee assistant in commercial applications. However, the high hardware investment and ...