Medicare

Using a large language model artificial intelligence agent to improve the efficiency of clinical quality measure evidence evaluation: a case study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility and performance of a large language model (LLM)-based artificial intelligence (AI) agent, implemented within a structured Claim-Argument-Evidence System (CAES), for supporting the review of clinical quality measure (CQM) evidence in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Consensus-Based Entity (CBE) endorsement process. METHODS: The CBE conducted a pil...

Synthetic fluorescent receptor arrays for sensing in complex matrices: from robust chemistry to data-driven readouts.

Sensing is moving from specific lock-and-key biorecognition toward chemically programmable, pattern-based approaches. Synthetic fluorescent receptor arrays, composed of rationally designed organic probes (e.g., rhodamines, BODIPYs, naphthalimides, and carbon dots) that engage analytes through non-covalent interactions, offer a robust and versatile platform for multidimensional detection. Rather th...

Online adaptive radiotherapy: Clinical utility, challenges and perspectives.

Online adaptive radiotherapy (oART) represents a major evolution in radiation oncology, enabling daily plan adaptation to account for anatomical varia...

Community Characteristics Predict Local News Agenda Building About Racial Health Disparities.

We examined market-level social and demographic characteristics and station-level factors as predictors of local television news coverage of COVID-19-...

Large-scale human genomic resources drive innovations toward forensic intelligent source attribution and precision identification.

Large-scale human genomic initiatives and advances in sequencing technologies have expanded the scope and detail of forensic genetics. Deeply sampled ...

Use of Machine Learning to Identify Markers of Risk for Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome: A Preliminary Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine whether machine learning has the capacity to prospectively identify and predict the emergence of...

Speech-based digital biomarkers for early etiological stratification of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal degeneration: a biomarker-confirmed prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Early differentiation between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a prerequisite for secondary preven...

Leveraging long-read assemblies and machine learning to enhance short-read transposable element detection and genotyping.

Transposable elements (TEs) are parasitic genomic elements that are ubiquitous across the tree of life and play a crucial role in genome evolution. Ad...

Integrating Sperm Microscopy, Environmental Exposures, and Lifestyle Factors for Male Fertility Analysis: Protocol for the Nippon Semen and Environmental Exposure Database (N-SEED) Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Conventional semen analysis does not fully capture male reproductive potential. The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) may detect latent ...

The Assessment of Coronal Plane Lower-Limb Alignment on Pre- and Postoperative Long-Leg Radiographs Using Deep Learning.

INTRODUCTION: Coronal plane lower-limb alignment, defined by metrics including the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), a...

Phase structure and machine learning identification in one dimensional systems with power law correlated disorder and long range hopping.

We investigate a one-dimensional tight-binding model in which onsite potentials [Formula: see text] exhibit power-law spatial correlations (with expon...

LungNet: Leveraging state-space models with SE-enhanced skip connections for precise CT-based lung lesion segmentation.

Lung cancer, which accounted for 2.48 million new cases and 1.82 million deaths worldwide in 2022, continues to be the most lethal cancer across the g...

Polysectoid: a hyperredundant soft-bodied robot for modeling the role of parapodia in undulation and peristalsis.

Biological inspiration offers new and innovative solutions to exploring challenging terrains, and implementations in bio-inspired robotics in turn off...

Risk-Guided Atrial Fibrillation Screening With Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electrocardiogram Models: A VITAL-AF Trial Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) may lead to earlier detection and initiation of preventive measures. Current AF screening approache...

Gated Backbone Fusion with Transformer Encoder for Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis Screening and Localization in Radiographs.

Diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is a leading cause of lower-extremity complications in individuals with diabetes, and timely, accurate screening is ...

ToxCML: A Hybrid mfCoQ-RASAR-Based Platform Integrating Consensus QSAR and Read-Across for Comprehensive Multi-End Point Toxicity Assessment.

Computational in silico methods offer a powerful alternative to animal-based toxicity testing, which remains time-consuming, expensive, and ethically ...

Feasibility of using geometry-based synthetic dose distributions for Knowledge-based planning model training.

BACKGROUND: Knowledge-based planning (KBP) tools rely on large datasets of clinical plans, which are often difficult to collect, particularly in new o...

Comparative assessment of composition- and structure-based surrogate models across 2D materials databases.

Machine learning (ML) surrogate models are increasingly employed to accelerate materials discovery, yet their transferability across heterogeneous dat...

Deep learning-enhanced dual-mode multiplexed optical sensor for point-of-care diagnostics of cardiovascular diseases.

Rapid and accessible cardiac biomarker testing is essential for the timely diagnosis and risk assessment of myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failu...

Lancet2: Improved and accelerated somatic variant calling with joint multi-sample local assembly graphs.

Here, we present Lancet2, an open-source somatic variant caller designed to improve detection of small variants in short-read sequencing data. Lancet2...