Public Health & Policy

Military Medicine

Latest AI and machine learning research in military medicine for healthcare professionals.

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Informed Injury Prediction in Elite Football: Decision Theory meets Machine Learning

Injuries in elite sports disrupt team performance, shorten careers, and incur significant financial costs, highlighting the critical need for accurate predictions to inform optimal decisions that effectively prevent injuries. Existing approaches to injury prediction fail to account for cumulative risk, overlook injury severity, lack reliable probability calibration, and omit statistically guided d...

Using a Multilingual AI Care Agent to Reduce Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Screening: Higher FIT Test Adoption Among Spanish-Speaking Patients

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates remain disproportionately low among Hispanic and Latino populations compared to non-Hispanic whites. While artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in healthcare delivery, concerns exist that AI-based interventions may disadvantage non-English-speaking populations due to biases in development and deployment. To evaluate the effectiveness of a bilingual AI ...

Changes in psychiatric documentation and treatment in primary care with artificial intelligence scribe use

Despite increasingly widespread use of artificial intelligence-driven ambient scribes in medicine, the extent to which they may impact clinician pract...

Artificial Intelligence in Outpatient Primary Care: A Scoping Review on Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize clinical decision-making and significantly improve patient outcomes in outpatient prim...

Large-scale Local Deployment of DeepSeek-R1 in Pilot Hospitals in China: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Survey

The open-source release of DeepSeek-R1, a high-performing large language model (LLM), enables local deployment in Chinese hospitals. However, empirica...

Large Language Models in Real-World Clinical Workflows: A Systematic Review of Applications and Implementation

Large language models (LLMs) offer promise for enhancing clinical care by automating documentation, supporting decision-making, and improving communic...

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Innovations in Diabetes Care and Monitoring

This study explores Artificial Intelligence (AI)’s transformative role in diabetes care and monitoring, focusing on innovations that optimize patient ...

Artificial Intelligence for Early Detection and Prognosis Prediction of Diabetic Retinopathy

This review explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the early detection and prognosis prediction of diabetic retinopathy (...

Gaps in Artificial Intelligence Research for Rural Health in the United States: A Scoping Review

Artificial intelligence (AI) has impacted healthcare at urban and academic medical centers globally. The current focus on AI deployments in urban area...

Benchmarking Artificial Intelligence vs General Practitioners Decision-Making in Same-Day Appointments Triage: A Mixed-Methods Study in UK Primary Care

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to support clinical decision-making, particularly in primary care triage. However, few studies have ...

Design and Implementation of an End-to-End AI-Driven Colonoscopy Recall Workflow at Scale

We present a real-world deployment of a large language model-powered colonoscopy recall pipeline that structured over 100,000 patient records during a...

War, Diets, and Mental Health: PTSD in Ukrainian Youth

The ongoing war in Ukraine has exposed young adults to sustained psychological stress, elevating their risk of developing post-traumatic stress disord...

Development of an AI-enabled predictive model to identify the ‘sick child’ at a pediatric telemedicine and medication delivery service in Haiti

One of the most difficult challenges in pediatric telemedicine is to accurately discriminate between the ‘sick’ and ‘not sick’ child, especially in re...

AI vs Human Performance in Conversational Hospital-Based Neurological Diagnosis

Most evaluations of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine rely on static, multiple-choice benchmarks that fail to capture the dynamic, sequential n...

Evaluating Deep Learning Sepsis Prediction Models in ICUs Under Distribution Shift: A Multi-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study

Sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for early detection to improve pati...

Predicting Hospital Admissions Using Pretrained EHR Embeddings: External Evaluation and Insights on Local Vocabulary Adaptation

Unplanned hospital admissions impose substantial strain on healthcare systems, yet predictive models for these events remain underexplored in practice...

Use of Generative AI for Health Among Urban Youth in Pakistan: A Mixed-Methods Study

GAI tools are increasingly used informally for health, yet evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited. This study generates ear...

Evaluation of Care Quality for Atrial Fibrillation Across Non-Interoperable Electronic Health Record Data using a Retrieval-Augmented Generation-enabled Large Language Model

Standardized assessment of clinical quality measures from electronic health records (EHRs) is challenging because information is fragmented across str...

Machine Learning-Driven Decision-Support System for Nursing Risk Assessment in Post-Discharge Care: A Design Science Approach

Hospital readmissions represent a persistent challenge for healthcare systems, often stemming from inadequate post-discharge monitoring. This study pr...

TARGET-AI: a foundational approach for the targeted deployment of artificial intelligence electrocardiography in the electronic health record

Artificial intelligence (AI) applied to routine electrocardiograms (ECGs) offers promise for screening of structural heart disease (SHD), yet broad cl...

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