Nephrology

MERWACS: Development and external validation of a non-invasive machine learning tool for identifying subjects to be screened for CKD.

Early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a critical public health priority. However, a gap exists for non-invasive tools to guide screening selection in the general adult population, leaving many at-risk individuals undiagnosed. We developed and validated MERWACS (Machineborne Early Renal Warning And Control System), a machine learning model designed to identify which individuals should ...

Using artificial intelligence to identify characteristics associated with clinical and economic outcomes in MASH (FOCUS-MASH).

BACKGROUND: Heterogeneity in the disease characteristics of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) complicates efforts to identify individuals with high unmet need. OBJECTIVE: We used artificial intelligence (AI) phenotyping to identify factors associated with rapid fibrosis progression, long-term clinical outcomes, and high healthcare costs. DESIGN: In this retrospective cohort s...

Machine learning for predicting emergency department visits in patients with type 2 diabetes: A real-world, multi-institutional study.

BACKGROUND: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prone to acute diabetic complications are at high risk for emergency department (ED) visits,...

Systematic review of risk prediction models for autogenous arteriovenous fistula dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate existing risk prediction models for autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction in maintenance hemodialys...

Predicting 3-year mortality after myocardial infarction in a structured care program: A comparative analysis of Cox regression and machine learning models.

BACKGROUND: Accurate risk stratification after myocardial infarction (MI) remains essential for optimizing long-term management. The advantage of mach...

Transformer-Based Deep Learning Model for Predicting Hemoglobin Response to Mircera® in Hemodialysis Patients.

BACKGROUND: Anemia management in hemodialysis (HD) depends on individualized erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) dosing to achieve and maintain tar...

Impact of an Artificial Intelligence-Powered Clinical Decision Support System for Acute Kidney Injury Prevention in the Intensive Care Unit: Single-Center Uncontrolled Before-and-After Implementation Study.

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication among hospitalized patients, particularly in critical care settings, wher...

Aptamer-Directed Assembly of NSET Microneedle Patch for Early Detection of Acute Kidney Injury Facilitated by Deep Learning-Enabled Target Signal Extraction.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a promising early biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI), yet current biosensors lack the capabi...

Biological aging and the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy and kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study.

AIMS: We examined whether phenotypic age (PhenoAge) acceleration was associated with the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and di...

Validation of a pan-ELastography Machine-learning (ELM) score to predict clinically significant portal hypertension in compensated advanced chronic liver disease.

BACKGROUND: Clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) drives decompensation and mortality in advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Although n...

Prediction of in-hospital cardiac arrest on general wards using calibrated machine learning.

OBJECTIVE: To identify time-windowed clinical predictors of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and develop a temporally validated, calibrated machine-l...

Multimodal imaging to analyze the biomechanical properties of kidney tumors, evaluating feasibility, inter-modality correspondence, and diagnostic value (UroCCR-115).

INTRODUCTION: Assessment of renal tissue and renal tumor stiffness may provide complementary information for tissue characterization; however, convent...

Point-of-care ultrasound in cardiovascular imaging: current status and future prospects.

INTRODUCTION: As ultrasound technology has become more advanced and accessible over the years, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is becoming a tool as ...

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Nephrology Education.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models are increasingly reshaping nephrology education. This review advances a hierarchical framework ...

Evaluation of a sleep sound analysis smartphone app for home obstructive sleep apnea screening among community-dwelling Chinese adults with hypertension.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and feasibility of home obstructive sleep apnea screening using a sleep sound analysis smartphone a...

Association of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio with progression of CKD and all-cause mortality in diabetic CKD.

INTRODUCTION: The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR), an integrative biomarker of inflammation and malnutrition, has shown prognostic value in ...

Empowering clinical trial design with agentic intelligence and real-world data.

Clinical trial design (CTD) is a time-consuming process that requires substantial domain expertise. Large-scale real-world data (RWD), such as electro...

Clinical trials and evaluation of AI tools in solid organ transplantation: implications for clinical care, regulatory science, and rare diseases.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has widespread applications in solid organ transplantation (SOT), a field that fundamentally depends on optimizing comple...

Task-shifting to nonexperts using artificial intelligence-guided point-of-care ultrasound: a cohort study of patient selection, image quality, and learning curves.

AIMS: To define rates of diagnostic image acquisition, clinical drivers of image quality and the learning curve for artificial intelligence (AI)-guide...

An explainable machine learning model for predicting high phosphorus risk in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a multicenter retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Hyperphosphatemia is a common complication in hemodialysis and serves as a key marker for evaluating dialysis adequacy. This study aimed t...