Nephrology

Accuracy and precision of automated kidney stone detection on CT.

BACKGROUND: While computed tomography (CT) is the preferred imaging modality for kidney stone detection and measurement, quantifying the accuracy and precision of stone size metrics is needed, particularly with the growing use of automated image analysis tools to measure kidney stone size. METHODS: A phantom study was conducted using 120 kidney stones of various known maximum diameters (ranging fr...

Predictive performance of CT-based artificial intelligence for predicting variceal bleeding in portal hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To systematically evaluate the predictive accuracy of computed tomography (CT)-based artificial intelligence (AI) for predicting variceal bleeding (VB) in patients with portal hypertension, and to assess their potential utility as an opportunistic screening tool alongside Baveno VII criteria. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane until December 16, 2025, for...

ToxiGuard: an AOP-guided mechanistically interpretable framework for multi-organ toxicity prediction.

Accurate prediction of organ-specific toxicity with mechanistic interpretability remains a central challenge in chemical safety assessment and transla...

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) Cells-associated transcriptome signature reveals the potential immunomodulatory role of TNFSF14 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Among adoptive immune cell therapies, cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) therapy has demonstrated clear therapeutic relevance in multiple cancers, par...

Extracting Signs and Symptoms of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy from Clinical Notes Using Natural Language Processing.

PURPOSE: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) affect 16% of births in the United States. In this pilot study, we conducted a preliminary evaluati...

Postangiography Prediction of Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Cardiogenic Shock: Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator Nomogram Development and Validation.

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury critically impacts outcomes in cardiogenic shock secondary to acute myocardial infarction (CS-AMI). Acute kidney injur...

Alignment Between Cardiologists and AI-Driven Diagnostic Systems: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: The clinical value of artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic systems depends not only on their accuracy but also on how well their ...

Attention-Based Point Cloud Completion for CT-Equivalent Kidney Volumetry from Tracked Freehand Ultrasound.

Kidney volume measurement is critical for managing polycystic kidney disease and monitoring transplants, but computed tomography involves radiation an...

Machine learning-based risk prediction model for postoperative acute kidney injury in surgical patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD): development, validation, and SHAP-based explainability.

This study aimed to develop machine learning models to predict postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in surgical patients with pre-existing chronic ...

Applications of bioimpedance measurement in clinical and allied fields: a comprehensive review.

BACKGROUND: Accurate and timely disease detection is essential in modern healthcare. Conventional imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT), ma...

PneumoMLPred: Innovating Pneumonia Management with Guideline Adherence Review and Explainable Machine Learning-based Mortality Prediction - A single-centre retrospective study.

INTRODUCTION: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of death globally. Changing antibiotic resistance profiles, paucity of r...

Practical Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: An Integrated Design Roadmap from High-Loading Cathodes to High-Energy Pouch Cells.

The transition to a sustainable energy future requires electrochemical storage systems that surpass conventional lithium-ion batteries. The lithium-su...

A Multimodal Learning Framework for Detecting Systemic Hypertension in Sleep Apnea Patients Using ECG and PPG Signals.

Systemic hypertension (HTN) is a major cardiovascular comorbidity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), yet these conditions are often diagn...

Bridging pediatric to adult care in cystinosis: a scoping review of healthcare transition of care protocols and a roadmap for future practice.

Cystinosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder that affects approximately 1 in 100,000 to 200,000 live births worldwide. Long-term graft success in c...

Rapid slide-level assessment of glomerular yield using virtual staining of unstained renal biopsy sections.

BACKGROUND: Renal biopsy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of kidney diseases, and specimen adequacy is essential for reliable histopatholog...

Machine learning approaches in identifying factors associated with hypertension and undiagnosed hypertension in adults in rural areas of Bangladesh.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major cause of death and disability, and undiagnosed cases are particularly dangerous as they can cause severe damage wi...

Network pharmacology and bioinformatics study of Shuangjiang decoction and labetalol hydrochloride in the treatment of preeclampsia in pregnancy.

Preeclampsia (PE) remains a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide, and the combined use of Shuangjiang Decoction with Labetalol ...

Calcite nanoparticles as advanced, pH-responsive platforms for cancer therapy: a comprehensive and critical review.

Nanomedicine offers powerful opportunities to overcome the pharmacokinetic and microenvironmental limitations of conventional chemotherapy, particular...

What are the views of cancer care administrators and clinicians in England on the use of a machine learning clinical decision support system (ML-CDSS) to predict patients' risk of hepatic and renal deterioration during chemotherapy? A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore administrators' and clinicians' views on the factors that influence their use and adoption of a machine learning clinical decisi...

Supervised machine learning models for predicting sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in children: a real-world evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) substantially increases mortality. The recent Phoenix criteria have redefined pediatric seps...