Neurology

Disarming cGAS-STING hyperactivation in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: Pathogenic mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Aberrant activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has been increasingly recognized as a key driver of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. In recent years, accumulating evidence has highlighted the close association between cGAS-STING signaling and the pathogenesis of these disorders, suggesting that pharmacological targeting of this pathway ...

EEG-based classification models reveal differential neural processing of words and images.

BACKGROUND: Machine learning methods employing neuroimaging data are useful for monitoring the activation of neural representations. Specifically, they can be used to discern the brain networks engaged in processing specific categories of items. This approach has been employed on neuroimaging data, including functional magnetic resonance imaging data and electroencephalography (EEG) data. NEW METH...

Imaging Biomarkers in Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders: Emerging Insights from Multimodal Neuroimaging.

This editorial introduces a special issue detailing the rapid evolution of multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers for Parkinson's disease (PD) and related...

Diagnostic accuracy of electronic medical record retrieval methods and a large language model for identifying cardiovascular events: a multisite retrospective validation study in a medical system in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of four available automated electronic medical record (EMR) retrieval methods, including a large languag...

Machine Learning Guided Video Analysis Identifies Sound-Evoked Pain-Related Behaviors from Facial Grimace and Body Cues in Mice.

Humans can experience sound-evoked pain, either from extremely loud sounds or in cases of pain hyperacusis from typically tolerable sounds. However, t...

Neuromorphic Devices and Computing for Sensing, Memory, and Control.

Neuromorphic devices are bioinspired electronic systems that mimic key structures and functions of the nervous system, enabling integration and commun...

Bridging the islands of innovation: A machine-assisted Semantic-Bibliometric review and conceptual roadmap for closed-loop digital dementia care.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI), extended reality (XR), and socially assistive robotics (SAR) are each advancing Alzheimer's disease (AD) res...

Characterizing transition state in mouse vigilance with electroencephalogram-electromyogram hypnodensity.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Vigilance-state transitions are continuous biological processes, yet conventional rodent sleep scoring relies on discrete epochs tha...

Unraveling the molecular Nexus of Alzheimer's Disease and HIV encephalitis: The role of cellular senescence and transcriptional regulation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) share progressive cognitive decline. Their common molecular mechanisms rema...

Prediction of Long-Term Postsurgical Seizure Recurrence From MRI Brain Hub Disruption in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) can achieve seizure freedom in the early period after surgery, yet up to half ex...

aDISCO: A clearing method to enable 3D microscopy of large archival paraffin-embedded human tissue blocks.

Human surgery and autopsy specimens are routinely stored as formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks for decades, creating vast archives ...

Proactive concussion prediction using symmetry-aware multiscale explainable hybrid deep learning and multimodal data fusion.

Diagnosis of concussion has been hampered by its subtle and late symptoms, the reliance on subjective judgment, and the lack of real-time multimodal d...

Deep learning-assisted virtual screening of a large chemical library for selective GSK3β inhibitors.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric, and oncological disorders. The devel...

Erjingwan Alleviates Parkinson's Disease via Activation of PPARA-Mediated Autophagy.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by progressive dopaminergic neuronal degeneration and neuroinflammation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ...

The role of "red flags" in the diagnostic work-up of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis: a study using a machine-learning approach.

INTRODUCTION: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is a rare progressive, potentially life-threatening multisystem disorder caused by mutation...

Noninvasive Intracranial Pressure Estimation Using Subspace System Identification and Machine Learning Algorithms: A Learning-to-Rank Approach.

OBJECTIVE: Accurate noninvasive estimation of intracranial pressure (ICP) remains a major challenge in critical care. We developed a machine learning ...

Development and validation of machine learning models to predict risk of undiagnosed dementia using healthcare claims and electronic health record data.

BackgroundApproximately half of people living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias are undiagnosed.ObjectiveTo develop and validate algorith...

From voxel discovery to regional interaction: A multi-level interpretable framework for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder where early diagnosis serves as the only viable window for effective interventi...

Comparative evaluation of tabular-to-image deep learning pipelines for EEG-based epileptic seizure recognition: A comprehensive benchmark with statistical analysis and explainable AI.

Epilepsy affects roughly 50 million people worldwide and is diagnosed primarily through electroencephalography (EEG), yet the manual review on which t...

A multi-feature resting-state EEG framework for candidate EEG feature discovery in central vertigo.

Central vertigo (CV) lacks objective electrophysiological measures for severity assessment and rehabilitation monitoring. We aimed to characterize mul...