Neurology

Renovating Neural Networks With Viral-Mediated Gene Transfer From A Tissue Contacting Matrix Mimic.

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's Disease (HD) have a significant impact on healthcare accessibility and costs. A fatal genetic condition, characterized by the progressive loss of striatal neurons, HD is hindered by the lack of endogenous repair in the adult brain. Recent efforts toward protecting neural circuits through neurotrophic support using brain-derived neurotrophic factor (B...

Integrative transcriptomics, machine learning, and molecular docking reveal that nicotine exacerbates ischemic stroke: TLR4-dependent activation of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated microglial pyroptosis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to clarify the molecular mechanisms through which nicotine (Nic) aggravates ischemic stroke (IS), with an emphasis on inflammation and pyroptosis in Microglia. METHODS: An integrative strategy was employed, combining network toxicology for molecular interaction mapping, machine learning for core gene identification, and molecular docking/dynamics for binding validation....

Machine learning models for predicting futile recanalisation after endovascular treatment in patients with large core infarction.

BACKGROUND: Predicting futile recanalisation following endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with large core infarctions is crucial for guiding cli...

Multi-cohort, cross-species urinary proteomics reveals signatures of LRRK2 dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.

Pathogenic mutations in Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the predominant genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) and often increase kinase a...

PMCanalSeg: A dataset for automatic segmentation of the pterygopalatine and mandibular canals from 3D CBCT images.

In orthognathic surgery, accurate segmentation of the pterygopalatine and mandibular canals in maxillofacial cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan...

Tomek links-based SMOTE method for class imbalance in blood cell classification with dual path sliding window attention model.

Medical image processing has transformed the Complete Blood Count (CBC) analysis to enhance diagnostic accuracy and to detect diseases such as neurode...

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Model for Dementia Staging in a Heterogeneous Cognitive Impairment Cohort Using Multimodal Features.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: With the emergence of disease-modifying therapies, precise staging of dementia is urgent. This study aimed to develop a mach...

Multiple epileptiform waves detection algorithm based on improved VMD and multidimensional feature fusion.

BACKGROUND: Spikes, ripples, and ripples on spikes (RonS) during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep are all important biomarkers associated with epil...

Rationalizing nose-to-brain drug delivery: Machine learning-guided optimization and mechanistic elucidation of olfactory deposition for nasal sprays.

Nose-to-brain drug delivery via nasal sprays is severely limited by low olfactory deposition. In this study, we integrate machine learning with high-t...

Seizure risk prediction using machine learning following glioma resection surgery in seizure-naïve patients.

BACKGROUND: Despite the ongoing controversy around the prophylactic use of antiseizure medications (ASMs) in seizure-naïve patients undergoing brain t...

EEG-based epileptic seizure prediction with patient-tailored spectral-spatial-temporal feature learning.

Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal brain cell activity. The unpredictability of these se...

Artificial Intelligence analysis of lesion dynamics and brain volume in patients with multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Quantitative MRI markers increasingly complement conventional clinical assessment in multiple sclerosis (MS). Artificial intelligence (AI)...

Predicting Return Home After Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Days alive and at home (DAH) is a validated outcome measure that captures health care transitions between time spent at hom...

Seizure forecasting with multiple timescales and features.

OBJECTIVE: Forecasting epileptic seizures is a difficult task. Studies of seizure prediction have investigated many different EEG features, but none o...

Individualized Treatment in Distal and Medium Vessel Occlusion Stroke Using a Validated Explainable Counterfactual Treatment Estimation Model.

OBJECTIVE: The optimal treatment for distal medium vessel occlusion (DMVO) stroke remains uncertain, and evidence comparing endovascular therapy (EVT)...

Towards the development of a management protocol for subjective cognitive decline: Insights from a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of multimodal data from a memory clinic.

BackgroundSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) represents the first early symptomatic stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD).ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate...

Neuroimmune Cross-Talk and Multilevel Cascades in Fentanyl Toxicity: Interplay of Hypoxic Stress, Glial Activation, and Synaptic Dysregulation in Systems-Level Neurodegeneration.

Fentanyl, an ultra-potent synthetic opioid, has traditionally been characterized by its acute toxic effects, particularly respiratory depression. Howe...

Comparison of Pragmatic Post-Thrombectomy Prognostic Scores Not Based on Advanced Imaging in a Large National Stroke Registry.

BACKGROUND: Nearly half of the patients who received endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for large vessel occlusion experience poor functional outcomes. R...

AI-driven low-cost rehabilitation exergame as a lightweight framework for stroke assessment.

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability, often affecting upper-limb motor function and requiring continuous assessment. The Fugl-Meyer Asses...

The role of brain health and resilience in reshaping trajectories of late-life neuropsychiatric disorders.

Global population aging and increased chronic stress due to numerous mass disasters including those related to pandemics, climate change, war, displac...