Neurology

UANV: UNet-based attention network for thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture angle measurement.

Kyphosis is a prevalent spinal condition where the spine curves in the sagittal plane, resulting in spine deformities. Curvature estimation provides a powerful index to assess the deformation severity of scoliosis. In current clinical diagnosis, the standard curvature estimation method for quantitatively assessing the curvature is performed by measuring the vertebral angle, which is the angle betw...

Neurodegeneration Promotes Tumorigenesis in Colorectal Cancer: Insights From Single-Cell and Spatial Multiomics.

PURPOSE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in global incidence and second in mortality, with rates increasing among younger populations. The enteric nervous system (ENS) is crucial for gastrointestinal function, and its dysfunction is associated with the progression of CRC. Neurodegeneration may disrupt ENS function and facilitate tumor growth although the mechanisms remain unclear.

Effects of the lumbar support function of wearable robot (Bot Fit) on sitting position.

BACKGROUND: Sedentary lifestyles can lead to musculoskeletal disorders, but proper sitting posture, particularly maintaining a slight anterior pelvic ...

Shining Light on DNA Mutations through Machine Learning-Augmented Vibrational Spectroscopy.

A method to directly predict the number of nucleic acid bases in a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or a genomic DNA has been proposed with a combination o...

Decreased spinal inhibition leads to undiversified locomotor patterns.

During walking and running, animals display rich and coordinated motor patterns that are generated and controlled within the central nervous system. P...

An AI-assisted fluorescence microscopic system for screening mitophagy inducers by simultaneous analysis of mitophagic intermediates.

Mitophagy, the selective autophagic elimination of mitochondria, is essential for maintaining mitochondrial quality and cell homeostasis. Impairment o...

Optimal graph representations and neural networks for multichannel time series data in seizure phase classification.

In recent years, several machine-learning (ML) solutions have been proposed to solve the problems of seizure detection, seizure phase classification, ...

Dynamically weighted graph neural network for detection of early mild cognitive impairment.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the elderly population. The early detection of mild cognitive...

Automated Classification of Cervical Spinal Stenosis Using Deep Learning on Computed Tomography Scans.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a computed tomography-based deep learning (DL) model for diagnosing cervical spi...

Towards Real-World Dementia Care: Encouraging Activity Engagement Using an Intelligent Humanoid Robot.

Humanoid social assistive robotics (SARs) can promote activity engagement for older adults living with dementia. Few studies, however, evaluate the ca...

Concept transfer of synaptic diversity from biological to artificial neural networks.

Recent developments in artificial neural networks have drawn inspiration from biological neural networks, leveraging the concept of the artificial neu...

Data-driven diabetes mellitus prediction and management: a comparative evaluation of decision tree classifier and artificial neural network models along with statistical analysis.

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting a substantial global population leading to complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy,...

Using machine learning to identify Parkinson's disease severity subtypes with multimodal data.

BACKGROUND: Classifying and predicting Parkinson's disease (PD) is challenging because of its diverse subtypes based on severity levels. Currently, id...

Role of astroglia and microglia in Alzheimer's disease and multiple therapeutic interventions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed by aggregates of hyperphosphorylat...

In vivo and in silico models of Drosophila for Parkinson's disease.

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as an important model organism to shed light on neurodegeneration. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the s...

Neural Spectral Prediction for Structure Elucidation with Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Structural elucidation using untargeted tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has played a critical role in advancing scientific discovery [1, 2]. However,...

Connectivity in the Human Cerebral Cortex: A Fundamental Problem and a Possible Explanation for the Cognitive Power of Vertebrates.

Recent electron microscopy reveals that weak synaptic connectivity predominates in the human cerebral cortex, raising the question of how information ...

Neuromethods: Basic Techniques for Evaluating the Nervous System in Nonclinical Studies.

The first session of the 2025 European Society of Toxicologic Pathology (ESTP) Congress reviewed routine and specialized methods for microscopic evalu...

Stroke Sensitivity Calculation in Medical Emergency Calls and Factors Associated With Stroke Suspicion: A Retrospective Registry-Based Study.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Sensitivity for stroke detection in emergency medical communication centers (EMCCs) varies widely. Few studies offer detailed insight...

Attention-driven deep learning framework for EEG analysis in ADHD detection.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects cognitive functions such as attention, impulse control, ...