Neurology

Association of PM2.5 and its components with cognitive dysfunction among rural older adults: Epidemiological evidence with hypothesis-generating network toxicology analysis.

BACKGROUND: Although fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with cognitive dysfunction (CD), the roles of specific PM2.5 components and potential mechanisms remain limited. This study aimed to examine the association of long-term PM2.5 and its components with CD, identify the relative importance of components in the mixture, and generate hypotheses regarding possible biological pathwa...

Evaluating the quality of artificial intelligence responses to common patient questions about peripheral nerve blocks.

Artificial intelligence shows comparable or improved performance to traditional risk models in predicting atrial fibrillation after cryptogenic stroke.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Detecting subclinical atrial fibrillation (AF) and initiating anticoagulation therapy are critical for secondary stroke preventio...

Integrative network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and molecular docking identify candidate Centella asiatica constituents and targets in neurodegenerative diseases.

BACKGROUND: Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD), are progressive d...

Deep learning architectures for EEG-based classification of Dravet syndrome: A comparative study of pre-trained and non-pretrained hybrid CNN-LSTM models.

OBJECTIVE: This study explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) using a hybrid deep learning Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short-Term...

Whole genome sequencing in cerebral palsy: a UK paediatric pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Prior international studies indicate that 9-36% of people with cerebral palsy (CP) have a monogenic condition. However, the utility of who...

BFRCNet: addressing the class imbalance problem in the rapid serial visual presentation paradigm for decoding.

Objective.Imbalanced sample sizes in rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) can substantially compromise the classification accuracy of electroenceph...

A computational framework for fitting biophysical basal-ganglia network models, applied to Parkinsonian beta oscillations.

Objective.Fitting biophysically detailed spiking-network models to data is constrained by computational cost: simulating thousands of coupled conducta...

AI-Driven Atrial Fibrillation Management: From Signal to Strategy.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide and is associated with substantial morbidity, including ischemic st...

Development and external validation of a machine learning model for predicting postoperative hydrocephalus in 1,073 posterior fossa tumor patients.

Postoperative hydrocephalus is a common complication following posterior fossa tumor resection, affecting 7-40% of patients. Although preoperative cer...

Integrative Analysis Reveals Interactions Between Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites and the Brain in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder increasingly associated with gut microbiota alterations, yet the mechanisms by which microbia...

[Development and validation of Cefalytics: an artificial intelligence-based application for the rapid diagnosis of primary headaches].

OBJECTIVE: To design and validate a Spanish-language artificial intelligence-based application to support the diagnosis of primary headaches by non-ex...

From Uniformity to Individuality: Computational Modelling Provides a Mechanistic Rationale for Weight-Adjusted Botulinum Neurotoxin A Dosing.

Fixed-dose Botulinum neurotoxin type A regimens ignore patient-specific variables, such as body weight, despite allometric principles governing the di...

Psychoneuroimmunology-informed strategies for early detection of biological threat exposure: Insights from experimental rodent models.

The growing frequency of emerging infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and accidental or deliberate biological threat releases underscores t...

A multi-paradigm and longitudinal EEG dataset including the "sixth-finger" and "affected-hand" motor imagery of stroke patients.

Motor imagery-based brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) applications in stroke rehabilitation aim to match brain activity with real-time feedback, there...

Effect of pilates exercises plus breastfeeding positioning adjustment on artificial intelligence-assessed craniovertebral angle in breastfeeding women with forward head posture: a randomized controlled trial.

Forward head posture (FHP), considered a neuromusculoskeletal disorder, includes those associated with breastfeeding. Pilates is recognized for improv...

Agentic AI for scaling diagnosis and care in neurodegenerative disease.

US healthcare systems are struggling to meet the growing demand for neurological care, particularly in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Gene...

The promise of deep urine proteomics for diagnosis of cancer, neurologic, and metabolic diseases.

INTRODUCTION: Urine offers a noninvasive and low-cost source of disease biomarkers, yet most proteomic studies have targeted single conditions. Using ...

The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Neonatal Seizure Detection: An Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in health care. We systematically reviewed evidence on the accuracy of AI in detecting n...

Anatomy-specific Performance of CT Angiography-based AI for Anterior Circulation Occlusion: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose To evaluate anatomy-specific diagnostic performance of CT angiography-based artificial intelligence (AI) for anterior circulation occlusion de...