Neurology

Latest AI and machine learning research in neurology for healthcare professionals.

13,873 articles
Stay Ahead - Weekly Neurology research updates
Subscribe
Browse Categories
Showing 9621-9640 of 13,873 articles

Decoding heterogeneous aging clocks and disease risk stratification using a metabolomic foundation model

Metabolomic aging clocks estimate biological age by modeling metabolite concentrations, thereby capturing aging signals from healthspan and adverse outcomes. However, existing clocks generally assume homogeneous aging trajectories and yield only a single age acceleration metric, limiting their capacity to capture inter-individual metabolic heterogeneity and characterize nuanced individual-level re...

The YTHDF proteins shape the brain gene signatures of Alzheimer's disease

The gene signatures of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) brains reflect an output of a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, epi-transcriptomic, and post-transcriptional regulation., yet the dominant factor shaping these signatures remains unclear. To identify the most significant factor that shapes the AD brain signatures, we integrated cellular and molecular features with differential gene expression...

Modeling Complex Effects and Individual Variability in Multi-Paradigm fMRI with Nonlinear Mixed Models

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are inherently complex, characterized by high dimensionality, intricate inter-regional dependencies,...

Peripheral anatomy of the dolphin ear and associated nervous structures: insights from macroscopic dissection, DICE-{micro}CT, histology, and confocal microscopy

The peripheral auditory system of dolphins comprises specialised bony, fatty, vascular, and neural structures adapted for underwater hearing and divin...

Automated robotic control system for EEG-BCI-guided closed-loop TMS

Brain-state-guided and closed-loop transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols have emerged as methods for decreasing the variability and increa...

A Comparative Evaluation of Structural MRI Foundation Models for Brain Age Regression and Sex Classification

Foundation models pre-trained on large neuroimaging datasets offer a promising approach to overcome the limited sample sizes typical of mental health ...

Excitatory Dysfunction and Phenotypic Rescue in a Human Neuronal Model of SCN2A-Related Disorders

SCN2A-related disorders result from pathogenic variants in the gene encoding for the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.2. Collectively, these disorder...

Automatic segmentation of choroid plexus using deep learning across neurodegenerative diagnoses in the multi-site COMPASS-ND Study

The choroid plexus (ChP) plays a central role in cerebrospinal fluid production, immune signaling, and metabolic clearance, and has emerged as a poten...

Transcript architecture predetermines m6A remodeling and sensory neuron vulnerability in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

Whether individual transcripts carry intrinsic features that predetermine their response to external perturbations is unknown. Here we used nanopore d...

petVAE: A Data-Driven Model for Identifying Amyloid PET Subgroups Across the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum

Amyloid-{beta} (A{beta}) PET imaging is a core biomarker and is sufficient for the biological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we aimed to...

Von Economo neurons enable reliable social skill acquisition in recurrent spiking neural networks: a computational account with clinical predictions

Von Economo neurons (VENs) are selectively lost in behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and reduced in autism spectrum conditions (ASC)...

May 17 2026 2605.17399v1
Acute-Phase Machine Learning Prediction of 12-Month Aphasia and Discourse Recovery

Approximately 30-40% of stroke patients retain aphasia at 12 months. Early forecasting may guide rehabilitation and prognostic enrichment of clinical ...

Beyond next-word prediction: hierarchical linguistic composition drives LLM-brain alignment in time

The internal representations of large language models (LLMs) correlate, or "align" , with human neural activity during language comprehension. One vie...

Artificial intelligence-generated digital Romberg test for peripheral neuropathy monitoring.

Background and Objectives Patients with peripheral neuropathies (PN) commonly exhibit balance impairment. In clinical practice, balance is typically a...

Comparison of Machine Learning Surrogate Models for Prediction of Single-Fiber Activation in Deep Brain Stimulation

Machine-learning surrogate models are positioned to help optimize deep brain stimulation (DBS) usage by predicting neural activation in response to el...

Automatic Landmark-Based Segmentation of Human Subcortical Structures in MRI

Precise segmentation of brain structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for reliable neuroimaging analysis, yet voxel-wise deep mode...

May 14 2026 2605.14221v1
Plasmatic immune extracellular vesicle profiles identify prodromal and early stages of Parkinson's disease

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold promise as minimally invasive biomarkers for neurodegenerative proteinopathies, but disease- and stage-specific prof...

NeuroAtlas: Benchmarking Foundation Models for Clinical EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces

Foundation models (FMs) promise to extract unified representations that generalize across downstream tasks. They have emerged across fields, including...

May 14 2026 2605.14698v1
Vision-Core Guided Contrastive Learning for Balanced Multi-modal Prognosis Prediction of Stroke

Deep learning and multi-modal fusion have demonstrated transformative potential in medical diagnosis by integrating diverse data sources. However, acc...

May 14 2026 2605.14710v1
BCI-Based Assessment of Ocular Response Time Using Dynamic Time Warping Leveraging an RDWT-Driven Deep Neural Framework

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a prevalent condition that remains difficult to diagnose in its early stages. Oculomotor dysfunction is a well-e...

May 14 2026 2605.14883v1
Browse Categories