Neurology

Latest AI and machine learning research in neurology for healthcare professionals.

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NeSy-Edge: Neuro-Symbolic Trustworthy Self-Healing in the Computing Continuum

The computational demands of modern AI services are increasingly shifting execution beyond centralized clouds toward a computing continuum spanning edge and end devices. However, the scale, heterogeneity, and cross-layer dependencies of these environments make resilience difficult to maintain. Existing fault-management methods are often too static, fragmented, or heavy to support timely self-heali...

Mar 22 2026 2603.21145v1

Toward High-Fidelity Visual Reconstruction: From EEG-Based Conditioned Generation to Joint-Modal Guided Rebuilding

Human visual reconstruction aims to reconstruct fine-grained visual stimuli based on subject-provided descriptions and corresponding neural signals. As a widely adopted modality, Electroencephalography (EEG) captures rich visual cognition information, encompassing complex spatial relationships and chromatic details within scenes. However, current approaches are deeply coupled with an alignment fra...

Mar 20 2026 2603.19667v1
Clinical Research Collaboration for Stroke in Korea Imaging Repository:A Prospective Multicenter Neuroimaging Repository

Background: Prospective stroke registries have advanced our understanding of cerebrovascular disease, yet most reduce neuroimaging to categorical vari...

Automated derivation of mean field models from spiking neural networks for the simulation of brain dynamics

A mean field model (MFM) is a mesoscopic description of neuronal population dynamics that can reduce the complexity of neural microcircuits into equat...

Causal differential expression analysis under unmeasured confounders with causarray

Advances in single-cell sequencing and CRISPR technologies have enabled detailed case-control comparisons and experimental perturbations at single-cel...

Translating MRI to PET through Conditional Diffusion Models with Enhanced Pathology Awareness

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a widely recognized technique for diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases, offering critical functional insights. ...

Mar 19 2026 2603.18896v1
Impact of automatic speech recognition quality on Alzheimer's disease detection from spontaneous speech: a reproducible benchmark study with lexical modeling and statistical validation

Early detection of Alzheimer's disease from spontaneous speech has emerged as a promising non-invasive screening approach. However, the influence of a...

Mar 18 2026 2603.18239v1
OpenScientist: evaluating an open agentic AI co-scientist to accelerate biomedical discovery

Background: Advances in medicine depend on analyzing large and complex data sources, but discovery is partly constrained by the limited time and domai...

Tracking the Changes in Longitudinal MRI-detected Perivascular Spaces following Ischaemic Stroke

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. MRI-visible perivascular spaces (PVS) are an emerging marker of cerebral small vessel ...

EEG-based classification models reveal differential neural processing of words and images

Machine learning methods employing neuroimaging data are useful for monitoring the activation of neural representations. Specifically, they can be use...

3D MRI-Based Alzheimer's Disease Classification Using Multi-Modal 3D CNN with Leakage-Aware Subject-Level Evaluation

Deep learning has become an important tool for Alzheimer's disease (AD) classification from structural MRI. Many existing studies analyze individual 2...

Mar 18 2026 2603.17304v1
Topology-Guided Biomechanical Profiling: A White-Box Framework for Opportunistic Screening of Spinal Instability on Routine CT

Routine oncologic computed tomography (CT) presents an ideal opportunity for screening spinal instability, yet prophylactic stabilization windows are ...

Mar 17 2026 2603.16963v1
Tabular LLMs for Interpretable Few-Shot Alzheimer's Disease Prediction with Multimodal Biomedical Data

Accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires handling tabular biomarker data, yet such data are often small and incomplete, where deep lear...

Mar 17 2026 2603.17191v1
Development and validation of a deep learning model for the automated detection of vertebral artery calcification on non-contrast head-and-neck computed tomography

Background: Vertebral artery calcification (VAC), a critical indicator of cerebrovascular disease, is often overlooked in head-and-neck imaging. Manua...

Multimodal Molecular Mapping of the Vasculature in Human Cortex Reveals Lipid Markers of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) commonly co-occurs with Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the molecular changes that accompany vascular beta-amyloid dep...

Early Pre-Stroke Detection via Wearable IMU-Based Gait Variability and Postural Drift Analysis

Early identification of individuals at risk of stroke remains a major clinical challenge, as prodromal motor im- pairments are often subtle and transi...

Mar 17 2026 2603.16178v1
Laya: A LeJEPA Approach to EEG via Latent Prediction over Reconstruction

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used tool for studying brain function, with applications in clinical neuroscience, diagnosis, and brain-compu...

Mar 17 2026 2603.16281v1
Federated Learning for Privacy-Preserving Medical AI

This dissertation investigates privacy-preserving federated learning for Alzheimer's disease classification using three-dimensional MRI data from the ...

Mar 16 2026 2603.15901v1
Evaluating Causal Discovery Algorithms for Path-Specific Fairness and Utility in Healthcare

Causal discovery in health data faces evaluation challenges when ground truth is unknown. We address this by collaborating with experts to construct p...

Mar 16 2026 2603.15926v1
Data-Local Autonomous LLM-Guided Neural Architecture Search for Multiclass Multimodal Time-Series Classification

Applying machine learning to sensitive time-series data is often bottlenecked by the iteration loop: Performance depends strongly on preprocessing and...

Mar 16 2026 2603.15939v1
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