Neurology

Latest AI and machine learning research in neurology for healthcare professionals.

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Uncertainty in Deep Learning for EEG under Dataset Shifts

As artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into medical diagnostics, it is essential that predictive models provide not only accurate outputs but also reliable estimates of uncertainty. In clinical applications, where decisions have significant consequences, understanding the confidence behind each prediction is as critical as the prediction itself. Uncertainty modelling plays a ke...

Inferring the landscapes of mutation and recombination in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) in the presence of twinning and hematopoietic chimerism

The common marmoset is an important model in biomedical and clinical research, particularly for the study of age-related, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders (due to their biological similarities with humans), infectious disease (due to their susceptibility to a variety of pathogens), as well as developmental biology (due to their short gestation period relative to many other prima...

Machine Learning Resolves Functional Phenotypes and Therapeutic Responses in KCNQ2 Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathy iPSC Models

Pathogenic KCNQ2 variants are associated with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (KCNQ2-DEE), a devastating disorder characterized by neonatal...

Pharmacological potentiation of Nav1.1 channels in interneurons mitigates tau depositions and neuronal death in a mouse model of neurodegenerative dementias

Epileptiform discharges and neuronal hyperexcitability are key pathophysiological features of Alzheimer’s disease and related tauopathies. We previous...

Predicting Drug Response with Multi-Task Gradient-Boosted Trees in Epilepsy

Despite the availability of numerous anti-seizure medications (ASMs), drug resistance remains a major issue for people with epilepsy. The probability ...

Functional Connectivity in Self-limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes (SeLECTS) Increases with Epilepsy Duration and Interictal Spike Exposure

To determine the impact of epilepsy duration and interictal spikes on functional connectivity in children with Self-Limited Epilepsy with Centrotempor...

A machine-learning-guided hydrogen-bonded organic framework for long-term, ultrasound-triggered pain therapy

Effective treatment of chronic pain remains hindered by the lack of drug delivery systems that simultaneously achieve long-term stability, high spatia...

Where is the melody? Spontaneous attention orchestrates melody formation during polyphonic music listening

Humans seamlessly process multi-voice music into a coherent perceptual whole. Yet the neural strategies supporting this experience remain unclear. One...

Powerful and accurate case-control analysis of spatial molecular data

As spatial molecular data grow in scope and resolution, there is a pressing need to identify key spatial structures associated with disease. Current a...

Multivariate pattern analysis reveals resting-state EEG biomarkers in fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia (FM) involves widespread musculoskeletal pain and hypersensitivity, often accompanied by neurological, cognitive, and affective disturban...

Comparative Analysis of Diffusion Models for Enhancing Alzheimer’s Disease Classification

Early and accurate detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is vital for timely intervention and better patient outcomes. However, training machine learn...

Your Emotions, My Brain: Generalizable Neural Signatures of Emotional Memory Reactivation During Sleep

Reactivation in sleep alters the structure of memories and can potentially be used to restructure upsetting representations. Reactivation can be trigg...

Frequency bands EEG Biomarkers for Dementia using Graph Neural Networks

We introduce a simple and interpretable model for classification of electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Our focus essentially is on using deep learn...

A systematic protocol to identify “clinical controls” for pediatric neuroimaging research from clinically acquired brain MRIs

Progress at the intersection of artificial intelligence and pediatric neuroimaging necessitates large, heterogeneous datasets to generate robust and g...

Neural Network-Enhanced Investigation of Ferroptosis and Druggability in Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder which is multifactorial in nature. Some of its characteristics are slow cognitive dec...

The olfactory bulb reflects structural plasticity within a genetically stable olfactory network

The olfactory bulb (OB), the first central relay of the olfactory pathway, plays a critical role in odor perception and exhibits remarkable structural...

Deep neurobehavioral phenotyping uncovers neural fingerprints of locomotor deficits in Parkinson’s disease

Gait deficits present an unresolved therapeutic challenge in Parkinson’s Disease. At the behavioral level, symptoms exhibit heterogeneity, including b...

Interpreting Sleep Activity Through Neural Contrastive Learning

Memories are spontaneously replayed during sleep, a process thought to support memory consolidation. However, capturing this replay in humans has been...

Cerebral Organoids Uncover Mechanisms of Neural Activity Changes in Epileptogenesis

Neurological disorders often originate from progressive brain network dysfunctions that start years before symptoms appear. How these changes emerge i...

Non-polio enteroviruses compromise the electrophysiology of a human iPSC-derived neural network

The non-polio enteroviruses enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) and enterovirus-A71 (EV-A71) are highly prevalent and considered pathogens of increasing health c...

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