Neurology

Artificial Intelligence, Speech, and Language Processing Approaches to Monitoring Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Language is a valuable source of clinical information in Alzheimer's disease, as it declines concurrently with neurodegeneration. Consequently, speech and language data have been extensively studied in connection with its diagnosis.

Human Locomotion Classification for Different Terrains Using Machine Learning Techniques.

Gait analysis on healthy subjects was performed based on surface electromyographic and acceleration sensor signal, implemented through machine learning approaches. The surface EMG and 3-axes acceleration signals have been acquired for 5 different terrains: level ground, ramp ascent, ramp descent, stair ascent, and stair descent. These signals were acquired from the tibialis anterior and gastrocnem...

Quantification of 4-Methylimidazol in NMRI Mice Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) by Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

A sensitive method using ion-pair extraction was developed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for measurement of 4-methylimi...

Vitamin D in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. A study in older Greek adults.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, accumulating evidence has linked vitamin D deficiency to cognitive dysfunction and dementia. This study aimed at determin...

Automatic substantia nigra segmentation in neuromelanin-sensitive MRI by deep neural network in patients with prodromal and manifest synucleinopathy.

Neuromelanin (NM) is a black pigment located in the brain in substantia nigra pars compacta (SN) and locus coeruleus. Its loss is directly connected t...

Deep Learning Analysis of Cerebral Blood Flow to Identify Cognitive Impairment and Frailty in Persons Living With HIV.

BACKGROUND: Deep learning algorithms of cerebral blood flow were used to classify cognitive impairment and frailty in people living with HIV (PLWH). F...

Medication Adherence and Stroke Prevention: What Real World Data Tells Us.

Medication adherence, by definition,(2) is "the extent to which a patient acts in accordance with the prescribed interval and dose of a dosing regimen...

Artificial Neural Network-Based Prediction of Outcome in Parkinson's Disease Patients Using DaTscan SPECT Imaging Features.

PURPOSE: Quantitative analysis of dopamine transporter (DAT) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images can enhance diagnostic confiden...

Evaluation of a Deep Learning System For Identifying Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy Based on Color Fundus Photographs.

PRECIS: Pegasus outperformed 5 of the 6 ophthalmologists in terms of diagnostic performance, and there was no statistically significant difference bet...

Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System to Detect Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy Using Fundus Photographs.

IMPORTANCE: A deep learning system (DLS) that could automatically detect glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) with high sensitivity and specificity cou...

The effectiveness of a novel cable-driven gait trainer (Robowalk) combined with conventional physiotherapy compared to conventional physiotherapy alone following stroke: a randomised controlled trial.

There is increasing interest in gait training devices to improve walking ability in people following stroke. This randomised controlled trial aimed to...

Fuzzy cognitive map based approach for determining the risk of ischemic stroke.

Stroke is the third major cause of mortality in the world. The diagnosis of stroke is a very complex issue considering controllable and uncontrollable...

Risk factors of perfusion and diffusion abnormalities on MRI in hemispheric TIA: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND: To assess the prevalence and potential predictors of MR diffusion and perfusion abnormalities in a Chinese population with hemispheric tra...

Neuroprotective effects of Suhexiang Wan on the in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of KSOP1009 (a modified formulation of Suhexiang Wan essential oil) in an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD) indu...

Anticoagulant treatment in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: a position paper.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in the elderly. The treatment of this condition is based on anticoagulation to prevent stroke and systemic arterial...

Effectiveness of over-ground robotic locomotor training in improving walking performance, cardiovascular demands, secondary complications and user-satisfaction in individuals with spinal cord injuries: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of over-ground robotic locomotor training in individuals with spinal cord injuries with regard to walking pe...

[Early prognosis of Alzheimer's disease based on convolutional neural networks and ensemble learning].

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a typical neurodegenerative disease, which is clinically manifested as amnesia, loss of language ability and self-care abi...

MRI-based prediction of conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to clinically definite multiple sclerosis using SVM and lesion geometry.

Neuroanatomical pattern classification using support vector machines (SVMs) has shown promising results in classifying Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patient...

Convolutional Neural Networks for the Detection and Measurement of Cerebral Aneurysms on Magnetic Resonance Angiography.

Aneurysm size correlates with rupture risk and is important for treatment planning. User annotation of aneurysm size is slow and tedious, particularly...

Histogram analysis of absolute cerebral blood volume map can distinguish glioblastoma from solitary brain metastasis.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is difficult to be separated from solitary brain metastasis (sBM) in clinical practice. This study aimed to distinguish ...