Neurology

Molecular-level host-microbe interactions: mechanisms, molecules, and modeling toward precision probiotics.

INTRODUCTION: Advancing next-generation probiotics (NGPs) as precision therapeutics depends on a detailed understanding of host - microbe molecular interactions, as these organisms exert targeted effects through defined bioactive molecules rather than broad, nonspecific mechanisms. This review addresses the need to systematically organize emerging knowledge on microbe-derived molecules (MDMs) that...

A comprehensive review of ultrasonographic imaging in athletic elbow injuries: a compartment-based approach.

Elbow injury rates are markedly higher among collegiate athletes than in the general population; however, this elevated incidence is largely driven by overhead throwing sports and does not represent a uniform risk across all athletes. Elbow disorders represent a significant diagnostic challenge in sports medicine due to the intricate anatomy of the joint. High-resolution ultrasonography has become...

Robust decomposition of surface EMG signals via lightweight deep learning-based adaptation.

Real-time surface electromyography decomposition has emerged as a promising way for neural interfacing. However, the decomposition performance faces d...

Deep Learning-based Volition Detection and Action Potential Extraction for Fully Automated Diagnosis of Neuromuscular Disease Using Needle Electromyography Signals.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a deep learning-based volition-detection model to automate the diagnostic process and improve neuromuscular dis...

Age-related differences in surgical outcomes for traumatic central cord syndrome: a multi-institutional causal machine learning analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Traumatic central cord syndrome (TCCS) is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury, yet the optimal management strategy remains contro...

The geographic digital divide among dementia caregivers in the U.S.: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Digital health tools, particularly patient portals, can support caregiving, but there is limited understanding of how sociodemographic and...

A modular deep learning architecture for interpretable disease prediction across tabular clinical and biometric datasets.

Accurate disease prediction using clinical datasets is essential for improving early diagnosis and clinical decision-support systems; however, many ex...

Cerebro Wave Bee transformer to leverage EEG based hand movement classification using optimized bio-inspired learning rates.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based classification of hand movements have an eloquent significance in the diverse fields like biomedical engineering, neu...

Disproportionately Elevated Sulcal Index (DESI): An automatically driven index representing disproportionate subarachnoid space enlargement in brain MRI scans.

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is frequently underdiagnosed due to non-specific symptoms and the risks of invasive test...

Thrombosis at the crossroads of inflammation, coagulation, and vascular biology: Recent advances and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Thrombosis is a multifaceted pathological process involving intravascular clot formation that drives a range of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular dis...

Comparison of marker-based and markerless motion capture systems to assess gait kinematics and kinetics in children with cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a leading cause of childhood motor disability and is frequently assessed through clinical gait analysis using marke...

Top five Alzheimer Disease trial eligibility criteria favor men compared to women in a clinic-based cohort.

BACKGROUND: Less women participate in Alzheimer Disease (AD) trials compared to their estimated representation in the global dementia population. OBJE...

Osteoarthritis and dementia: contrasting disorders driven by mutual pathways of autophagy, mTOR, GLP-1, AMPK, wnt, and WISP1.

INTRODUCTION: Increased global lifespan is paralleled by a rise in non-communicable diseases with osteoarthritis and dementia, including Alzheimer's d...

Transcription Factor SPI1 Mediates Chronic Neuropathic Pain by Activating NLRC4 Transcription to Drive Microglial Activation and Inflammation.

Microglial polarization plays a key role in the process of chronic neuropathic pain (CNP). This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism by w...

MSFSNet: Multi-Source Few-Shot Adaptation Network for Cross-Subject Depression Recognition from EEG Signals.

Depression is a prevalent mental disorder with severe socio-economic implications, and its early identification and intervention are crucial for mitig...

Metabolite-centric identification of antimetabolite drug targets across cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.

Antimetabolites, primarily studied in cancer, are novel drugs targeting metabolic networks by mimicking and inhibiting disease-causing metabolites, en...

Effective real-time self-rehabilitation exercise monitoring and correctness system for low back pain management.

In the modern era of working, Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are increasing drastically. One of the leading causes of MSD is Low Back Pain (LBP). Pa...

Machine learning-based prediction of proximal junctional pathology after adult spinal deformity surgery: a systematic review and diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and failure (PJF) remain challenging and incompletely predictable adverse event following adult spinal ...

Integration of glymphatic system function and hippocampal radiomics for diagnosis and conversion prediction of Alzheimer's disease.

BACKGROUND: Glymphatic system (GS) function and hippocampal microstructural changes are promising imaging markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This st...

A multifeature machine learning and resting-state EEG study reveals differences in beta oscillation in late-life depression with or without mild cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND: Late-life depression (LLD) often co-occurs with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and patients with LLD and MCI (LLD-MCI) have an increased...