Obesity

Prediction of adolescent internalizing disorder risk: Evidence from the Norwegian mother, father, and child cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Internalizing disorders are among the most common psychiatric conditions in adolescence, often associated with long-term adverse outcomes. Early identification of at-risk youth is important for effective intervention, though it remains challenging due to the multifactorial nature of risk. Machine learning (ML) offers opportunities to integrate multiple data sources and improve risk pre...

Machine learning and metabolic signatures of drowning: A pathway to uncovering cause of death in aquatic environments.

The postmortem diagnosis of drowning is challenging due to the nonspecific and transient nature of classical autopsy findings. This study aimed to investigate whether postmortem metabolomics can differentiate drowning from other causes of death, offering a potential biochemical tool to support forensic diagnosis in water-related deaths. A total of 503 drowning cases and four control groups were in...

A review of ageing related biomarkers in breath.

The growing ageing population presents significant challenges for healthcare systems, particularly in monitoring age-related physiological decline. Ag...

Subtypes of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and risk of complications: analysis of electronic health records in the USA.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Data-driven subtyping of type 2 diabetes has not been translated into clinical practice due to the lack of routine fasting glucose an...

Interpretable Ensemble Machine Learning Prediction of Nonadherence and the Risk of Nonpersistence of Targeted Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Agents in Older Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

PURPOSE: Ensemble machine learning (ML) demonstrated potential for improving predictions based on big health care data. We developed and validated int...

Enhanced cardiovascular disease risk prediction using integrated machine learning models: a study from the UK Biobank cohort.

OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of mortality globally, necessitating early risk identification to improve prevention...

Assessment of GFR Estimation Methods in Patients With Obesity.

CONTEXT: Obesity is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease, and accurate estimation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is crucial....

Prediction of COVID-19 hospitalisation, ICU admission or death following ChAdOx1 vaccination using artificial intelligence: A clinical predictive model from the English RAVEN study.

OBJECTIVES: This study identifies predictors of severe COVID-19 following completion of two-dose primary series of the AZD1222 COVID-19 vaccine, emplo...

The shared mechanisms and potential diagnostic markers for IgA nephropathy and celiac disease.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and celiac disease (CeD) are autoimmune disorders characterized by dysregulated immune responses; however, the molecular mechan...

Comorbidity Classification from Clinical Free-Text using Large Language Models: Application to Sleep Disorder Patients.

Patients presenting to neurology clinics commonly have a complex history of comorbidities and partially documented health trajectories, making it esse...

Determinants of intracranial microcalcification assessed by 18F-sodium fluoride PET.

PURPOSE: Intracranial calcifications are commonly found in adults and may represent either benign or pathological lesions. Conventional imaging modali...

Assessment of Predictive Factors That Shorten Duration of Treatment in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Using AI: Real-World Longitudinal Study Using Data From Medical Data Vision Claims Database.

BACKGROUND: With the availability of newer therapies, the duration of therapy (DoT) shortens with each increasing line of treatment in Japanese patien...

Screening for Clinically Significant Nephrolithiasis Based on Simple Health Checkup Clinical and Urine Parameters in General Populations: Multicenter Machine Learning Study.

BACKGROUND: Nephrolithiasis affects approximately 15% of the population and often remains undetected in asymptomatic individuals. Current diagnostic a...

Development and Validation of a Frailty Risk Prediction Model for Preoperative Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PURPOSE: Frailty is increasingly recognized as a predictor of poor surgical outcomes, yet its preoperative assessment in patients with non-small-cell ...

Exploring the association between hedonic hunger and obesogenic eating behaviors in females with overweight/obesity using machine learning methods.

Novel Systemic Associations of Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane Identified via Machine Learning.

PURPOSE: To discover novel systemic associations that may lead to idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) using interpretable machine learning models. D...

Hepatic and abdominal adiposity in type 2 diabetes as assessed with machine learning on computed tomography scans.

AIMS: The combined assessment of multiple abdominal imaging traits in relation to type 2 diabetes remains incompletely characterised. The study examin...

Lesion-level dual-tracer PET biomarkers predict prognosis in multiple myeloma treated with CXCR4-directed radiopharmaceutical therapy.

BACKGROUND: C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-directed radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) represents a promising option for hematologic malignan...

Vulnerability and short clinical outcomes in patients on the deceased-donor kidney transplant waiting list.

BACKGROUND: With prolonged waiting times for deceased-donor kidney transplantation (DDKT) in Japan, objective data on frailty among wait-listed patien...

Prediction of athlete performance based on a gradient regression model.

Accurate prediction of athlete performance is a challenges issue of significance in sports science and analytics and has application in training desig...