Obesity

AI Patient Support and 6-Month Medication Adherence in a Digital Obesity Program: A Retrospective Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Real-world glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapies face substantial attrition rates in commercial digital weight loss services (DWLSs). Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) has been proposed to enhance patient support at production scale, but robust evidence of its effectiveness in improving medication retention is scarce. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect...

Apolipoprotein M: A liver-derived lipid-binding protein protects against heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by inhibiting TGF-β signaling.

BACKGROUND: Visceral and hepatic adiposity and associated inflammation are recognized as prominent features of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Apolipoprotein M (ApoM), a liver-derived lipid-binding protein, exerts anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects, and its expression decreases during obesity. However, its role in HFpEF remains unclear. METHODS: Plasma prot...

Left Atrial Myopathy Across the Spectrum of Pediatric Heart Disease: Imaging, Mechanobiology, and Clinical Consequences.

Left atrial (LA) function has emerged as a critical determinant of cardiovascular performance and disease progression across the spectrum of pediatric...

A comprehensive descriptive analysis of hip and knee radiographic osteoarthritis in the UK Biobank in relation to joint pain, joint site interrelationships, obesity, race and deprivation: Findings from 59,475 individuals.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) affecting multiple joints experience greater pain than those with single-joint disease, yet most research...

A three-metabolite microbiota-associated signature for early risk stratification of gestational diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term metabolic and cardiovascular risk. However...

Identification of obesity risk factors in 3-12-year-old children and adolescents with prior respiratory tract infections via interpretable machine and deep learning models.

BACKGROUNDS AND OBJECTIVES: Childhood obesity and respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are 2 major global public health issues that frequently co-occur...

A study on risk factors for the progression from T2DM to end-stage renal disease based on Mendelian randomization and logistic regression analysis.

Using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) based on GWAS data from the IEU OpenGWAS project and a retrospective clinical cohort, this study investi...

Machine Learning Classification of Prevalent Chronic Disease Using Multidimensional Social, Behavioral, and Psychological Determinants: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 2024 National Health Interview Survey.

BACKGROUND: Chronic diseases account for approximately 90% of the $4.5 trillion annual healthcare expenditure in the United States. While traditional ...

The Clinical Course of Chronic Venous Disease.

OBJECTIVE: The clinical manifestations of chronic venous disease (CVD) range from varicose veins (VV) to, ultimately, venous ulceration, representing ...

Machine learning-based prediction of postoperative nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia: A retrospective observational study.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent and serious complication after surgery. PONV also reduces patient satisfaction with surgery und...

Long-term prediction of epilepsy following traumatic brain injury among veterans using routine clinical data.

OBJECTIVE: Despite elevated risk for epilepsy following traumatic brain injury (TBI), there are limited tools to assess epilepsy risk following TBI us...

Machine Learning Approaches to Identify Influential Factors of the Comorbid Psychiatric Symptoms and Hypertension Among Rural Adults in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The burden of both psychiatric symptoms (anxiety and/or depression) and hypertension poses significant public health challenges in...

A machine learning-based framework for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus using hematological indices.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) framework to predict incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using routinely available...

What predicts postoperative opioid prescribing and consumption? A statewide analysis of surgical quality registry data.

OBJECTIVE: Tailoring postoperative opioid recommendations to patient needs requires nuanced understanding of factors contributing to post-discharge op...

Performance, Safety, and Patient Experience of an Autonomous Robotic Phlebotomy Device: A Multicenter Trial.

BACKGROUND: Automated phlebotomy has the potential to improve patient outcomes and address phlebotomist workforce challenges. The Autonomous Blood Dra...

Integrative transcriptomics and single-cell analysis identify SIX4 as a candidate epithelial target in ovarian cancer and PCOS-associated ovarian dysregulation.

PURPOSE: Ovarian cancer is a heterogeneous solid tumor, whereas polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a distinct endocrine-metabolic ovarian disorder. W...

Real-Time Anatomy Recognition During Single-Port Retroperitoneal Surgery: A Prospective Comparison Between AI and Operating Surgeon.

BACKGROUND: Real-time anatomical recognition during robot-assisted surgery has the potential to enrich intraoperative decision-making. We made the fir...

Development and Validation of an XGBoost-SHAP Model for Predicting Adverse Outcomes in Elderly Cardiovascular Patients With Polypharmacy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

This study aims to develop and validate an interpretable machine learning model using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) with SHapley Additive exPlan...

Multiancestry and Multitrait GWAS Meta-Analysis on Schizophrenia With a Sample of 322,321 Unveils Genetic Links to Chronic Lung Diseases.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder, yet its genetic links with chronic pulmonary diseases remain poorly defined. Such link...

Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Driven by changes in lifestyle and environmental factors, the global incidence of cancer is steadily increasing, which has established it as a leading...