Oncology/Hematology

Integrative analysis of cfDNA features from ultra-low coverage whole genome sequencing enables robust detection of ovarian cancer

Background: Despite advances in circulating tumor DNA analysis, reliable detection of oncological disease from ultra-low coverage whole genome sequencing (ulcWGS) remains challenging, particularly at low tumor fractions. This study leverages cell-free DNA (cfDNA) characteristics to develop and evaluate a robust, integrative binary predictive model for ovarian cancer (OC) status screening. OC repr...

Unveiling Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Biomarkers in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Using Proximity Extension Assay

Abstract Background: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a highly heterogeneous pediatric malignancy. Despite high survival rates, relapse and the involvement of central nervous system (CNS) remains a significant clinical challenge. Traditional clinical parameters often lack the precision required for early detection and risk stratification. This study utilizes high-throughput proteomics and mac...

GutCore: An Endoscopy Foundation Model for Whole-Case Gastric Cancer Analysis

Background and Aims: Endoscopic artificial intelligence is commonly validated on selected single images, whereas gastric cancer interpretation require...

Developing an OMOP-Standardized Prostate Cancer Database and Improving Data Quality Using NLP and PSA-Based Algorithms

Objective: To develop and evaluate an Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) standardized prostate cancer database from the University of T...

Algorithmic implementation of pancreatic cancer staging guidelines: comparison with a retrieval-augmented large language model

Purpose: To implement a comprehensive knowledge-based algorithm (KBA) for pancreatic cancer staging based on the current Japanese guidelines and to ev...

Zero-Shot Metabolite Prediction from Gene Expression via Physics-Informed Graph Neural Networks

Predicting metabolite concentrations from gene expression is instrumental for linking regulatory programs to metabolic phenotypes. Prior approaches re...

Automating neoantigen selection for personalized cancer vaccine design

Advancements in immunogenomics and immuno-oncology have enabled the development of personalized cancer vaccines (PCVs) that target cancer cell-specifi...

Autonomous generation of decision-grade clinical evidence

Medical practice is bottlenecked by the slow production of high-quality clinical evidence. Despite progress in automating selected stages, autonomous ...

MintCNA: A Unified Framework for Integrative Copy Number Profiling with Single-Cell Multi-Omics Data

Chromosomal copy number alterations (CNAs) are key drivers of tumor evolution, disease progression and therapeutic resistance, and the identification ...

In Vitro Detection of Breast Cancer Cell Types Using Machine Learning-Assisted Spectral Fingerprinting of SWCNTs

The early detection of breast cancer currently relies on expensive mammography, followed by pathology that uses biopsied, fixed, and immunohistochemic...

Safe Redosable Low-Immunogenic In Vivo CAR-T Therapy for B Cell Malignancies and Solid Tumors

In vivo CAR-T cell therapy eliminates manufacturing complexities associated with ex vivo autologous approaches, but safety concerns have limited adopt...

NLP Framework for Automated Symptom Severity Staging in Heart Failure and COPD Clinical Notes Using Ontology Integration: A Study Protocol

Background: Heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, with...

Dynamic Graph Representation Learning for Data-Driven Huntington's Disease Staging: Evaluation Against Existing Embedding Methods and State-Space Models

Huntington's disease (HD) presents a heterogeneous neurodegenerative course, with motor, cognitive, and functional symptoms progressing differently ac...

Effects of gabapentin on ongoing behaviors displayed by mice with chemotherapy neuropathy

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and painful side effect of paclitaxel (PTX) treatment. The most common measures of painf...

Learning Where to Look: A Reinforcement Learning Framework for Robust Micro-Ultrasound Prostate Cancer Detection

Micro-ultrasound ($μ$US) is a new, emerging, and promising imaging modality for prostate cancer (PCa) detection, but accurate identification of suspic...

Large language models for cancer registry abstraction: a real-world evaluation across models, variables, and cancer types

Cancer registries enable cancer surveillance at the population level. These registries require significant human-time to read through many different p...

Can a Tissue-derived Progression Signature Accurately Predict Colorectal Cancer Stage Transitions in Blood?

Abstract. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is challenging to track because its molecular changes are very complex as the disease progresses, creating significa...

Latent-CURE for Breast Cancer Diagnosis

Multimodal Large Models have significantly advanced automated breast ultrasound diagnosis. However, most existing frameworks utilize opaque, end-to-en...

eRNAformer enables genome-wide de novo mapping of enhancer-derived RNA loci

Enhancer-derived RNAs (eRNAs) are critical regulators of gene transcription, yet their genome-wide annotation remains challenging. Here, we present eR...

AI-enabled proteomic profiling identifies interpretable diagnostic biomarkers for gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix

Gastric-type adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix (GAS) is a rare, aggressive cervical cancer unrelated to HPV infection that is frequently misdiagnos...