Oncology/Hematology

Rational Design of Selective IL-2-based Activators for CAR T Cells Using AlphaFold3 and Physics-Informed Machine Learning

Recombinant human Interleukin-2 (rhIL-2, Aldesleukin) is used in immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. Low-dose IL-2 has been investigated for administration after adoptive T cell transfer to enhance CAR T expansion and sustain effector function. However, systemic IL-2 can cause severe toxicities and promote expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Previous attempts at mi...

Predicting targeted- and immunotherapeutic response outcomes in melanoma with single-cell Raman Spectroscopy and AI

Identifying predictive biomarkers of immunotherapeutic response in melanoma remains an outstanding challenge. Existing transcriptomic and proteomic profiling methods of the tumor-immune microenvironment are costly and may not faithfully capture modifications actively impacting tumor behavior. Here, we present a non-destructive, single-cell approach combining Raman spectroscopy and machine learning...

DeepHistoViT: An Interpretable Vision Transformer Framework for Histopathological Cancer Classification

Histopathology remains the gold standard for cancer diagnosis because it provides detailed cellular-level assessment of tissue morphology. However, ma...

Automated Detection of Malignant Lesions in the Ovary Using Deep Learning Models and XAI

The unrestrained proliferation of cells that are malignant in nature is cancer. In recent times, medical professionals are constantly acquiring enhanc...

Multimodal classification of Radiation-Induced Contrast Enhancements and tumor recurrence using deep learning

The differentiation between tumor recurrence and radiation-induced contrast enhancements in post-treatment glioblastoma patients remains a major clini...

Evidential learning driven Breast Tumor Segmentation with Stage-divided Vision-Language Interaction

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death among women worldwide, with millions of fatalities annually. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) ...

Integrating AI-powered automated neurovascular bundle segmentation and radiomics for prostate cancer staging

Background: Assessment of the prostatic neurovascular bundles on MRI is clinically relevant for staging and treatment planning but remains technically...

mRNA-Protein Coordination is Contextualized by Metastatic Biological Phenotypes

A central goal of conducting omics measurements is to understand how molecular features inform higher-order cell- and tissue-level phenotypes. In part...

Sparse Task Vector Mixup with Hypernetworks for Efficient Knowledge Transfer in Whole-Slide Image Prognosis

Whole-Slide Images (WSIs) are widely used for estimating the prognosis of cancer patients. Current studies generally follow a cancer-specific learning...

UltrasoundAgents: Hierarchical Multi-Agent Evidence-Chain Reasoning for Breast Ultrasound Diagnosis

Breast ultrasound diagnosis typically proceeds from global lesion localization to local sign assessment and then evidence integration to assign a BI-R...

PhosSight: a Unified Deep Learning Framework Boosting and Accelerating Phosphoproteome Identification to Enable Biological Discoveries

Protein phosphorylation is a key regulator of signaling, with mass spectrometry (MS) based phosphoproteomics serving as the premier technology for its...

SpatioCAD: Context-aware graph diffusion model for pinpointing spatially variable genes in heterogeneous tissues

Spatial transcriptomics enables comprehensive characterization of tissue architecture, and the identification of spatially variable genes (SVGs) is a ...

Computed atlas of the human GPCR-G protein signaling complexes

Experimental mapping of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR)-G protein signaling coupling has illuminated hundreds of receptors, yet the coupling specif...

SwiftTCR: Efficient Computational Docking protocol of TCRpMHC-I Complexes Using Restricted Rotation Matrices

The T cell's ability to discern self and non-self depends on its T cell receptor (TCR), which recognizes peptides presented by MHC molecules. Understa...

Conversational Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Molecular Characterization of Sezary Syndrome Reveals Distinct Pathway-Level Alterations Compared with Non-Sezary Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

ABSTRACT Background: Sezary syndrome (SS) represents an aggressive leukemic variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) with distinct clinical behavio...

CT4CMS: Preoperative Computed Tomography-Based Consensus Molecular Subtyping Prediction in Colorectal Cancer Using Interpretable Deep Learning

Consensus molecular subtyping (CMS) defines the transcriptomic taxonomy of colorectal cancer (CRC) and guides precision therapy. Although current appr...

More Signal vs. More Noise - Comparing Full Text and Abstract as Inputs for Large Language Model-based Classification of Oncology Trial Eligibility Criteria

Purpose: Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential for automating the classification of clinical trials by eligibility criteria. Howeve...

Experimental multi-center validation of a radiomics-based photonic quantum precision medicine architecture for lesion-level prediction of anti-PD-1 response in non-small cell lung cancer

Background: Previous research has shown that radiomics-based machine learning models are promising precision medicine tools for lesion-level predictio...

A Lightweight Multi-Cancer Tumor Localization Framework for Deployable Digital Pathology

Accurate localization of tumor regions from hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole-slide images is fundamental for translational research including spati...

Multi-Kernel Gated Decoder Adapters for Robust Multi-Task Thyroid Ultrasound under Cross-Center Shift

Thyroid ultrasound (US) automation couples two competing requirements: global, geometry-driven reasoning for nodule delineation and local, texture-dri...