Oncology/Hematology

What are the views of cancer care administrators and clinicians in England on the use of a machine learning clinical decision support system (ML-CDSS) to predict patients' risk of hepatic and renal deterioration during chemotherapy? A qualitative study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore administrators' and clinicians' views on the factors that influence their use and adoption of a machine learning clinical decision support system (ML-CDSS) to predict patients' risk of hepatic and renal deterioration during chemotherapy. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This was a qualitative study that used purposive sampling. 18 participants with administration and clinical background...

Explainable machine learning incorporating CHI3L1 enhances liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis B: The CHILI multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Identifying significant liver fibrosis (≥F2) is critical for initiating antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) is a promising fibrosis biomarker, but its staging value remains unclear. We evaluated CHI3L1 (chemiluminescent immunoassay, CLIA) alone and with machine learning (ML) for differentiating mild (F0-F1) from significant (F2-F4) fibros...

Artificial Intelligence Based High Resolution Melting Analysis for Comprehensive Calreticulin Mutation Screening and Novel Variant Detection in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.

INTRODUCTION: Current CALR mutation screening in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) faces a trade-off between coverage and cost: allele-specific qPCR...

A longitudinal whole-body CT dataset with manually annotated tumor lesions.

We introduce Longitudinal-CT, a publicly available resource of whole-body computed tomography (CT) studies with exhaustive expert manual annotations o...

Automatic computation of breast cancer biomarkers from multiple [Formula: see text] F-FDG PET image segmentation.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard clinical practice for tumor downsizing in breast cancer, with [Formula: see text]F-FDG Positron Emission Tomogr...

Identification of GCNT3 as a glycometabolism-associated biomarker in endometrial cancer.

Endometrial carcinoma (EC) incidence is increasing, with diabetes mellitus (DM) elevating EC risk. This study investigates the glycometabolism-associa...

Bufalin targets E2F2 to transcriptionally inhibit LINC01410 and suppress Wnt/β-catenin signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Bufalin, a main active monomer component extracted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine toad venom, exhibits potent anti-tumour activity across diver...

Cytokines and immunologic checkpoint molecules in predicting success of allergen immunotherapy.

There are large variations in how individual patients respond to allergen immunotherapy (AIT) against grass and/or birch allergy. There are currently ...

Evaluating reasoning models for therapy recommendations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: expert and LLM-based evaluations of OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1.

PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate two advanced reasoning LLMs in generating treatment recommendations for real-world gastrointestinal stromal tumor...

A Fluorescence Imaging- and Deep Learning-Based Approach for Detecting Hepatitis B Virus Integration into Host Genomes.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma, and HBV integration into the host genome is regularly observed in the liver of...

Metabolomic profiling of exhaled breath condensate identifies a novel biomarker panel for detecting thyroid and breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: The non-invasive detection of cancer via exhaled breath condensate (EBC) represents a promising frontier in oncology. This study explores ...

A novel hybrid framework integrating GA-driven 3D ResUNetGAN for MRI brain tumor segmentation.

Accurate brain tumor segmentation by multi-modal MRI is crucial for diagnosis, treatment planning, and prognostic assessment. This work proposes a nov...

Equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics in drug repurposing: Machine learning-guided discovery of high-affinity WEE1 kinase inhibitors.

WEE1 kinase represents a promising therapeutic target in oncology due to its critical role in cell cycle checkpoint regulation. Traditional drug disco...

Assessing the suitability of automated registration and segmentation for dosimetry calculations in SIRT treatment planning.

BACKGROUND: Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) increasingly relies on accurate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to computed tomography (CT) r...

DNA methylation biomarkers associated with early gastric cardia carcinogenesis.

Gastric cardia cancer (GCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, underscoring the need for better characterization of molecular alteration...

A workflow utilizing general-purpose large language models for efficient structuring and data mining of bone scintigraphy narratives.

Whole-body bone scintigraphy is pivotal for skeletal evaluation in oncological monitoring, yet the unstructured nature of clinical reports impedes eff...

Dendrobine inhibits the growth and invasion of human breast cancer cells by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway via the SLC6A9 target.

Dendrobine exhibits notable anti-tumor activity against breast cancer (BRCA). In this study, we integrated network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and e...

Machine learning-driven integration of multi-omics data uncovers methylation-dependent molecular signatures for luminal A and B breast cancer subtypes.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and includes molecular subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes, such as luminal A an...

Integrative multi-omics analysis identifies a core ferroptosis signature and validates resveratrol as a novel inducer in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis due to treatment resistance and an immunosuppressive, fibrotic microenvironment. Ferrop...

An interpretable PET/CT-based radiomic-clinical model for predicting bone marrow involvement in follicular lymphoma: comparison of pelvic and spine-pelvis VOI frameworks.

PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of non-invasively identifying bone marrow involvement (BMI) in follicular lymphoma (FL) using baseline 18F-FDG...