Oncology/Hematology

Multi-task deep learning assists detection and diagnosis of gliomas and brain metastases.

Gliomas and brain metastases (BMs) on MRI pose significant diagnostic challenges for radiologists. This study aims to develop a multi-task model and a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for the detection and diagnosis of gliomas and BMs. This study enrolled 3909 participants from seven centers, and developed a brain tumor segmentation and classification network (BTSC-Net) and BTSC-CAD with visu...

Exploring dysregulation of cuproptosis-related genes molecular clusters and candidate biomarkers in pterygium.

Pterygium is a common ocular surface disorder, with its prevalence strongly correlated to ultraviolet (UV) exposure in geographic regions. Epidemiological investigations reveal significant demographic variations, with higher incidences observed in areas with intense UV radiation and within specific populations, notably rural individuals. Despite surgical interventions being the standard treatment,...

Machine learning-based integrative analysis identifies CXCL13-driven tertiary lymphoid structures as favorable immune and prognostic features in osteosarcoma.

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma, an aggressive bone malignancy with limited response to immunotherapy, remains a major clinical challenge. Tertiary lymphoid ...

Microaneurysm segmentation under out-of-domain generalization: from diabetic retinopathy to leukemic retinopathy.

PURPOSE: To propose inter-disease out-of-domain generalization (OODG) across retinal diseases for microaneurysm (MA) segmentation using a deep-learnin...

cGAS-STING pathway regulated by spatiotemporal heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment and precision therapy strategies in lung cancer.

The cGAS-STING pathway is a central regulator of innate immunity and exhibits a complex dual function in lung cancer: it can activate anti-tumor immun...

Prognostic Significance and Therapeutic Implications of Migrasome-related genes in Sorafenib Treatment for Primary Liver Cancer.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to reveal the mechanism and prognostic significance of migrasome-related genes (MGs) in primary liver cancer (PLC) treated w...

MedNext-Insight Model for Automated Metabolic Tumor Volume Delineation on Computed Tomography and Prognostic Value in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

PURPOSES: To develop a deep learning model for automated metabolic tumor volume (MTV) delineation on routine computed tomography (CT) without positron...

Integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses unveil a necroptosis-related prognostic model and its association with tumor microenvironment remodeling in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Necroptosis has emerged as a critical regulator in tumor progression and therapeutic response, yet its prognostic significance and influen...

The retinol metabolizing enzyme DHRS3 coordinates antigen presentation, endothelial stability, and cholesterol metabolism to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma progression.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to tumor microenvironment heterogeneity and metabolic reprogramming. DHRS3, a retin...

Cross-Platform Comparative Spatial Transcriptomics in High-Grade Serous Carcinoma.

PURPOSE: High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is a remarkably heterogeneous tumor. The purpose of this study was to directly compare the reproducibility...

Single-cell and spatial analyses identify a glycolysis-high state driven by STOML2 in epithelial ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Metabolic heterogeneity contributes to therapeutic resistance and poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), yet the regulatory dri...

Data modeling the interplay between single-cell shape, single-cell protein expression, and tissue state.

While cell shape fundamentally governs tissue function, the underlying links between single-cell shape and protein expression have been difficult to r...

Remission, Relapse, and Thyroid-Related Parameters Measurement at Discontinuation of Low-Dose Anti-Thyroid Drugs in Graves' Disease.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between thyroid-related parameters and the prognosis of Graves' disease (GD). METHODS: This...

Artificial Intelligence in Oral Cancer Diagnosis: A Bibliometric Mapping Study Based on Scopus Literature (2000-2025).

OBJECTIVE: To map global research trends in artificial intelligence (AI) applications for oral cancer diagnosis using bibliometric analysis. DESIGN: P...

Advancing equity in endometrial cancer: A narrative synthesis using a cluster-informed framework for resource-stratified implementation.

Endometrial cancer incidence and mortality are rising globally, disproportionately affecting health systems facing diagnostic, therapeutic, and surviv...

MRI Habitat Analysis for Preoperative Prediction of Perineural Invasion and Prognostic Stratification in Rectal Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative assessment of perineural invasion (PNI) remains challenging in rectal cancer. PURPOSE: To develop assessment models ...

Medical pre-training and fine-tuning improve large-language-model prediction of rheumatoid-arthritis disease activity.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether medical-domain pre-training and parameter-efficient fine-tuning improve the ability of locally deployable large languag...

Integrating spatial and single-cell transcriptomics via machine learning to characterize efferocytosis in hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The intratumoral heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) significantly limit therapeutic ef...

Machine Learning Integration of Ultrasound Habitat Radiomics for Predicting Axillary Metastasis in Clinically Node-negative Triple-negative Breast Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate habitat radiomics as a biomarker for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in clinically node-negative (...

Artificial intelligence with deep learning driven entropy-curvature attention mechanism for detection and segmentation of skin lesions using biomedical images.

In medical image analysis, skin lesion diagnosis remains a complicated task. Skin lesions are a prevalent form of skin disease that exists globally. A...