Ophthalmology

Automated quantification of lens epithelial cell density using deep learning: validation and large-scale clinical application.

Lens epithelial cells (LECs) have a critical role in nutrient transport, ion balance, and the synthesis of essential molecules required to preserve the lens's transparency. We hypothesize that lens epithelial cell density (LECD) may be correlated with the formation and severity of cataracts. Studying this relationship is limited by current quantification methods. This study aimed to develop an AI-...

Polycystin-1 and Cardiac Remodeling: From Mechanotransduction to Clinical Consequences.

PC1 (polycystin-1), traditionally viewed through the lens of renal pathophysiology in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, has emerged as a central regulator of cardiovascular mechanobiology. Recent structural elucidation of the PC1/PC2 (polycystin-2) complex provides a molecular framework emphasizing its mechanically sensitive ectodomain, regulated proteolytic cleavage, and functional co...

Preclinical Models of Rare Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases: a Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Rare eye diseases of the cornea and ocular surface (REDs) remain a clinical challenge owing to their low prevalence, heterogeneous presentation, and l...

Improving Viewpoint Robustness for Visual Recognition via Adversarial Training.

Viewpoint invariance remains challenging for visual recognition in the 3D world, as altering the viewing directions can significantly impact predictio...

Deep Learning-Assisted Dual-Mode Lanthanide MOF/Anthocyanins Platform for Real-Time Pork Freshness Sensing.

Real-time and accurate monitoring of meat freshness remains a critical challenge for intelligent food-sensing systems. Herein, a dual-mode sensor arra...

AI and social science: Automatic classification tools for big data analysis in sociological research.

This study examines the use of Social Network Sites for public institutional communication through a sociological, data-driven lens, focusing on the c...

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Multimodal Prediction of 10-Year Incident Glaucoma Integrating Genetic and Deep Learning-Derived Imaging Features.

PURPOSE: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It often remains asymptomatic until advanced stages. Hence, accurate predi...

Multiomics reveals fatty acid metabolism and immune remodeling in retinal artery occlusion.

Retinal artery occlusion (RAO), an acute ocular ischemic stroke, is critically linked to cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction. To elucidate the in...

Optical metasurfaces for general vision processing on the edge.

Large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) models achieve notable performance in computer vision but require substantial computational resources, limiti...

Reconfiguring Nursing: The Philosophical Impact of Digital Technologies and Artificial Intelligence on Person-Centered Nursing Practice.

As digital technologies and artificial intelligence reshape health care, nursing's humanistic foundations face profound ontological and epistemologica...

Beyond the naked eye: a systematic review on the current state of radiomics approaches to the vestibular schwannoma.

PURPOSE: Vestibular schwannomas (VS) present a clinical challenge in management decision-making due to their difficult-to-access location, unpredictab...

Comment on: Multimodal deep learning for predicting postoperative vault and selecting implantable collamer lens sizes using AS-OCT and ultrasound biomicroscopy images.

DeepSeek-assisted problem-based learning for glaucoma education in an undergraduate ophthalmology clerkship: a randomized educational pilot study.

This study evaluated a teaching approach that combines the open-source large language model (LLM) DeepSeek with problem-based learning (PBL) in a glau...

Diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence software for diabetic retinopathy organised screening in a pilot study.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) with a prevalence that varies from 10% to 61% in different...

Vision-based tactile sensing enhanced by microstructures and lightweight convolutional neural network.

Tactile sensing can provide a critical function in advanced interactive systems by emulating the human sense of touch to detect stimuli. Vision-based ...

Optimizing Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Candidate Selection in out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Machine-Learning Individualized Treatment Effect Approach Versus Rule-Based Criteria.

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has demonstrated survival benefit in selected patients with out-of-hospital cardiac ar...

Performance of Deep Learning in Classifying Age-Related Macular Degeneration From Images: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Retinal imaging and deep learning (DL) may ...

A myeloid immunosuppressive phenotype defines primary refractoriness to atezolizumab Plus bevacizumab in hepatocellular caarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Despite improved outcomes with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (A+B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), primary refractoriness (PRef), chara...

Artificial intelligence-based retinal imaging for brain health assessment: a scoping review.

Brain health is an emerging and rapidly expanding interdisciplinary field that requires optimisation across the life course of a person. The retina se...

Explainable AI for diabetic retinopathy detection using vision transformers.

The heterogeneous acquisition, variability of orientation, and subtle lesions continue to challenge the screening of diabetic retinopathy through colo...