Ophthalmology

AI-Driven Analysis Unveils Functional Dynamics of Müller Cells in Retinal Autoimmune Inflammation.

Müllercell is the most common type of glial cell in the human and mouse retina, playing a crucial role in maintaining retinal homeostasis. In addition to providing structural support to the retina, Müllercells can also supply trophic substances to retinal neurons, remove metabolic waste, mitigate oxidative stress, and promote synaptic activities. However, many roles of Müllercells remain largely u...

A Machine Learning-Based Strategy Predicts Selective and Synergistic Drug Combinations for Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Combination therapies are one potential approach to improve the outcomes of patients with refractory or relapsed disease. However, comprehensive testing in scarce primary patient material is hampered by the many drug combination possibilities. Furthermore, inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity necessitates personalized treatment optimization approaches that effectively exploit patient-specific vu...

Privacy of Groups in Dense Street Imagery

Spatially and temporally dense street imagery (DSI) datasets have grown unbounded. In 2024, individual companies possessed around 3 trillion unique ...

Streaming Krylov-Accelerated Stochastic Gradient Descent

We present SKA-SGD (Streaming Krylov-Accelerated Stochastic Gradient Descent), a novel optimization approach that accelerates convergence for ill-co...

A Vision-Language Foundation Model for Leaf Disease Identification

Leaf disease identification plays a pivotal role in smart agriculture. However, many existing studies still struggle to integrate image and textual ...

The march to harmonized imaging standards for retinal imaging.

The adoption of standardized imaging protocols in retinal imaging is critical to overcoming challenges posed by fragmented data formats across devices...

OMGM: Orchestrate Multiple Granularities and Modalities for Efficient Multimodal Retrieval

Vision-language retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become an effective approach for tackling Knowledge-Based Visual Question Answering (KB-VQA...

Detection of Moving Objects Using Self-motion Constraints on Optic Flow

As we move through the world, the pattern of light projected on our eyes is complex and dynamic, yet we are still able to distinguish between moving...

Vision-Language Model-Based Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations Analysis for Explainable In-Vehicle Controller Area Network Intrusion Detection.

The Controller Area Network (CAN) facilitates efficient communication among vehicle components. While it ensures fast and reliable data transmission, ...

Radiomics prediction of surgery in ulcerative colitis refractory to medical treatment.

BACKGROUND: The surgeries in drug-resistant ulcerative colitis are determined by complex factors. This study evaluated the predictive performance of r...

Diagnostic report generation for macular diseases by natural language processing algorithms.

AIMS: To investigate rule-based and deep learning (DL)-based methods for the automatically generating natural language diagnostic reports for macular ...

Natural Reflection Backdoor Attack on Vision Language Model for Autonomous Driving

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been integrated into autonomous driving systems to enhance reasoning capabilities through tasks such as Visual Qu...

Query-driven Document-level Scientific Evidence Extraction from Biomedical Studies

Extracting scientific evidence from biomedical studies for clinical research questions (e.g., Does stem cell transplantation improve quality of life...

Camera-Only Bird's Eye View Perception: A Neural Approach to LiDAR-Free Environmental Mapping for Autonomous Vehicles

Autonomous vehicle perception systems have traditionally relied on costly LiDAR sensors to generate precise environmental representations. In this p...

Leveraging Vision-Language Models for Visual Grounding and Analysis of Automotive UI

Modern automotive infotainment systems require intelligent and adaptive solutions to handle frequent User Interface (UI) updates and diverse design ...

Towards Facial Image Compression with Consistency Preserving Diffusion Prior

With the widespread application of facial image data across various domains, the efficient storage and transmission of facial images has garnered si...

RefRef: A Synthetic Dataset and Benchmark for Reconstructing Refractive and Reflective Objects

Modern 3D reconstruction and novel view synthesis approaches have demonstrated strong performance on scenes with opaque Lambertian objects. However,...

Describe Anything in Medical Images

Localized image captioning has made significant progress with models like the Describe Anything Model (DAM), which can generate detailed region-spec...

3D CAVLA: Leveraging Depth and 3D Context to Generalize Vision Language Action Models for Unseen Tasks

Robotic manipulation in 3D requires learning an $N$ degree-of-freedom joint space trajectory of a robot manipulator. Robots must possess semantic an...

Predicting Diabetic Macular Edema Treatment Responses Using OCT: Dataset and Methods of APTOS Competition

Diabetic macular edema (DME) significantly contributes to visual impairment in diabetic patients. Treatment responses to intravitreal therapies vary...