Ophthalmology

Accurate prediction of cross-species wood density by fusing terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and explainable machine learning.

This study employed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) to acquire spectral signals of wood samples with different densities and extract their refractive indices. Wood density prediction models were developed using three machine learning algorithms: Elastic Net Regression (ENR), Random Forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The Uninformative Variable Elimination (UVE) algor...

mModPoEs: Multimodal posture estimation and feedback-driven correction of load-bearing human movements using wearable sensors and computer vision.

OBJECTIVE: Improper spinal posture during activities of daily living such as seated posture, upright stance, and ambulation, particularly under load-bearing conditions, has been recognized as a major contributor to musculoskeletal disorders, including chronic back pain and disc degeneration. This study presents a multimodal posture estimation and feedback framework that integrates wearable-sensor ...

ProSocial Artificial Intelligence in Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, Pathology, and Laboratory Applications.

Artificial intelligence (AI) revolutionizes dentistry, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and collaboration. This article examines AI'...

Evaluation of Glaucoma Treatment Information on Social Media Using Large Language Models.

PRCIS: This study investigates the accuracy, readability, utility, and educational value of glaucoma treatment content on social media platforms and e...

Development of Automated High-Throughput Digital Microscopy With Deep Learning for Enhanced Blood Smear Imaging.

A microscope is essential in scientific and medical research, enabling the magnification of specimens too small for the naked eye. The conventional me...

Computer-vision based recognition of cervical spine stabilization during trauma resuscitation.

BACKGROUND: Cervical spine (c-spine) injuries can lead to significant disability and mortality. Although stabilization is the primary management for s...

Dual-modality adaptation in vision-language models for continual learning.

Continual learning is a crucial capability for deep-learning models in real-world applications, enabling them to acquire new knowledge while avoiding ...

DGPCNet: anemia detection from multimodal palm, fingernails, and eye conjunctiva images using deep global pyramid convolutional network.

BACKGROUND: Anemia is one of the most common hematological disorders causing fatigue, increased vulnerability to infection, low birth weight, and thre...

Utility of an LLM-powered experts-in-the-loop chatbot for pre- and post-operative care of cataract surgery patients.

PurposeTo evaluate the utility of CataractBot, an LLM (Large Language Model)-powered chatbot that provides doctor-verified answers to patient question...

Visual Field Estimation in X-Linked Retinitis Pigmentosa Associated with Retinitis Pigmentosa GTPase Regulator (RPGR) from Image Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence.

PURPOSE: To develop an efficient approach to estimating visual field (VF) in patients with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (RP) based on macular OCT sca...

SODAS: Second-order optimization differential architecture search for diabetic retinopathy prediction.

Diabetic retinopathy, which is a retinal disease that results from diabetes, has become the leading cause of blindness. Early diagnose of diabetic ret...

Multilayer Ag-Au-BP-TIBr-FASnI3 Kretschmann surface plasmon resonance biosensor for high sensitivity refractive index analysis: A computational and machine learning approach.

Detection of refractive-index variations is fundamental for the development of next-generation optical sensing platforms capable of supporting future ...

Full-spectrum prompt tuning with sparse MoE for open-set recognition.

Recent advances in open-set recognition leveraging vision-language models (VLMs) predominantly focus on improving textual prompts by exploiting (high-...

Contrastive learning-based fusion of NIR spectroscopy and visual cues for molecular discrimination of Chinese herbal species.

Accurate identification of Chinese medicinal herbs is essential for ensuring quality control and clinical safety. However, conventional visual inspect...

Longitudinal Study of Macular Preservation and Geographic Atrophy Progression in Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2.

PURPOSE: To investigate the natural history of macular tissue preservation in geographic atrophy (GA) by evaluating the relationship between the macul...

Prospective validation of deep-learning algorithms for diabetic retinopathy screening: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Deep-learning (DL) algorithms are widely promoted for diabetic-retinopathy (DR) screening, yet their prospective diagnostic accuracy is not well defin...

The AENEAS Project: Intraoperative Anatomical Guidance Through Real-Time Landmark Detection Using Machine Vision.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the performance of a deep learning machine vision-based model in identifying anatomical landmarks in a complex microsurgical...

TransFair: Transferring fairness from ocular disease classification to progression prediction.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in automated disease classification significantly reduces healthcare costs and improves the accessibility of s...

Incorporating information retrieval into AI chatbots for patient education on thyroid eye disease.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of general-purpose, retrieval-augmented, and medicine-specific AI chatbots in answering common thyroid eye diseas...

BP/PdSe2 heterojunction device for broadband polarization-sensitive synaptic simulation, logic operation, navigation, all-day image processing and recognition.

Visual function is one of the most critical abilities of organisms to perceive the outside world, playing an indispensable role in the interaction bet...