Orthopedics

Development and multicenter validation of an AI-driven detection system for DLBCL cells in bone marrow smears.

The presence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells in bone marrow (BM) smears is recognised as a key morphological basis for diagnosing BM involvement by DLBCL. BM involvement directly affects disease staging, treatment strategies, and prognosis assessment. Nevertheless, traditional manual identification of DLBCL cells in BM smears under a microscope is time-consuming, subject to observer...

Keypoint detection and functional evaluation of human lower limbs based on YOLOv8 and HRNet.

With the development of artificial intelligence and deep learning technology, human pose estimation has been widely applied in fields such as medical rehabilitation and motion analysis. To meet the needs of objective assessment of lower limb function in patients with knee joint diseases, we propose a method for detecting and assessing the function of human lower limb keypoints by integrating YOLOv...

Deep learning-based automatic measurement of spinal alignment and implant detection in scoliosis radiographs.

Deep learning-based automated analysis offers the potential to streamline workflows, improve reproducibility, and reduce clinician workload. We develo...

The write-cost bottleneck: energy constraints on continual learning in brains and machines.

In recent decades, neural energy-budget research has extensively quantified signaling costs-the "read" side of computation-including action potentials...

Deep-learning CT reconstruction improves image quality but not diagnostic accuracy for sacral fragility fractures: MRI remains essential.

PURPOSE: To determine whether modern deep-learning CT reconstruction improves trauma-relevant diagnostic performance for sacral fragility fractures (S...

Development and validation of a routine blood test-based model to predict in-hospital postoperative pulmonary infection in older patients with hip fracture.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative pulmonary infection (PPI) is a common and serious complication in older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery, leading to p...

Applying artificial intelligence to automate clinical data extraction from veterinary electronic health records: A practical guidance and comparative scoping review.

Veterinary electronic health records are often stored as unstructured free text, and structuring this information into analyzable formats is essential...

Diagnostic performance of deep-learning algorithms in radiographic grading of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundDeep learning (DL) has been increasingly applied to grade knee osteoarthritis (KOA) on radiographs, but reported diagnostic performance vari...

Machine learning-based prediction of hospital-associated complications after tibial fracture surgery in older patients: a nationwide Japanese database study.

BACKGROUND: Older adults requiring emergency surgery for acute tibial fractures are vulnerable to hospital-associated complications (HACs), but admiss...

Publicly Accessible Large Language Model Responses to Frequently Asked Questions About Spondylodiscitis: Preliminary Expert Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Patients increasingly use large language models (LLMs) to obtain medical information, but the quality of LLM-generated information on comp...

Development of Convolutional Neural Networks for Classification and Characterisation of Proximal Humerus Fractures on Computed Tomography.

BACKGROUND: Agreement between surgeons on classification, characterization and choice of treatment for proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) is poor, lead...

Two-stage deep learning for circular landmark detection in hip radiographs.

This study develops a high-resolution anatomical landmark detection method for hip anteroposterior radiographs, designed to enhance the accuracy of fe...

Chest Radiograph-based Artificial Intelligence for Osteoporosis: Accuracy and Associations With Fracture and Mortality.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate an AI tool for opportunistic osteoporosis screening using chest radiographs (CXRs), focusing on its diagnostic accuracy agains...

Graphene Oxide Encapsulated Natural Plant Essential Oil as Ti6Al4V-UHMWPE Joint Prostheses Biolubricant: Tribological Behavior and Machine Learning-Assisted Mechanism Analysis.

It is important to enhance the overall efficacy of artificial joint systems by addressing friction and oxidation issues at the joint prosthesis interf...

Arthroscopy-Validated Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning Reconstruction Pipeline for Rapid 7-Minute Five-Sequence 3-T Knee MRI.

Background. Deep learning reconstruction (DLR) methods can enhance image quality and reduce scan time of knee MRI compared with conventional approache...

Letter to the Editor Re: "Deep learning models for lumbar spinal stenosis on MRI: model comparison and clinical benchmarking" by Lee et al. (Eur Spine J [2026] 35:548-558. DOI: 10.1007/s00586-025-09443-2).

Development and validation of a vision transformer model for radiographic assessment of pediatric humeroradial joint alignment.

BACKGROUND: Whether the radiographic assessments of pediatric anatomical (A-HRJA) and nonanatomical humeroradial joint alignment (NA-HRJA) among pedia...

Fast MRI of bones in the knee - An AI-driven reconstruction approach for adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultra-short echo time sequences.

PURPOSE: Inversion recovery prepared ultra-short echo time (IR-UTE)-based MRI enables radiation-free visualization of osseous tissue. However, achievi...

Sensory-guided human-machine joint learning accelerates the acquisition of motor imagery brain computer interface control.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer the potential to restore function and augment human capabilities. However, non-invasive electroencephalography ...

Risk factors for periodontal ligament area reduction in maxillary central incisors following orthodontic treatment: a retrospective analysis using a deep learning-based CBCT-PDL segmentation network.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relevant risk factors causing the reduction of periodontal ligament area (PDLA) of the maxillary central incisor by measurin...