Orthopedics

Automated Detection of Dental Caries and Bone Loss on Periapical and Bitewing Radiographs using a YOLO Based Deep Learning Model

BackgroundDental caries and periodontal disease represent the most prevalent global oral health conditions, collectively affecting several billion people. The diagnostic interpretation of dental radiographs, a cornerstone of modern dentistry, is associated with considerable inter-observer variability. In routine clinical practice, clinicians are required to evaluate a high volume of radiographic i...

From Boundaries to Semantics: Prompt-Guided Multi-Task Learning for Petrographic Thin-section Segmentation

Grain-edge segmentation (GES) and lithology semantic segmentation (LSS) are two pivotal tasks for quantifying rock fabric and composition. However, these two tasks are often treated separately, and the segmentation quality is implausible albeit expensive, time-consuming, and expert-annotated datasets have been used. Recently, foundation models, especially the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have dem...

Over-the-horizon extinction risk assessment reveals rapidly shifting geographic and taxonomic priorities for conservation

A central challenge in conservation is understanding how climate change interacts with other global change drivers to shape future species extinction ...

Manifold geometry underlies a unified code for category and category-independent features

In everyday vision, animals routinely extract from the same visual stimulus both object identity and continuous identity-independent variables such as...

A tectal reservoir implements adaptive visuomotor transformation via serotonergically coordinated push-pull-like mechanisms

Adaptive visuomotor transformation requires sensorimotor circuits to generate accurate, robust, and flexible outputs, but its underlying cellular mech...

Joint Representation Learning and Clustering via Gradient-Based Manifold Optimization

Clustering and dimensionality reduction have been crucial topics in machine learning and computer vision. Clustering high-dimensional data has been ch...

Fundus Image-based Glaucoma Screening via Retinal Knowledge-Oriented Dynamic Multi-Level Feature Integration

Automated diagnosis based on color fundus photography is essential for large-scale glaucoma screening. However, existing deep learning models are typi...

MosaicMRI: A Diverse Dataset and Benchmark for Raw Musculoskeletal MRI

Deep learning underpins a wide range of applications in MRI, including reconstruction, artifact removal, and segmentation. However, progress has been ...

SyncFix: Fixing 3D Reconstructions via Multi-View Synchronization

We present SyncFix, a framework that enforces cross-view consistency during the diffusion-based refinement of reconstructed scenes. SyncFix formulates...

Post-Hoc Guidance for Consistency Models by Joint Flow Distribution Learning

Classifier-free Guidance (CFG) lets practitioners trade-off fidelity against diversity in Diffusion Models (DMs). The practicality of CFG is however h...

Nested Radially Monotone Polar Occupancy Estimation: Clinically-Grounded Optic Disc and Cup Segmentation for Glaucoma Screening

Valid segmentation of the optic disc (OD) and optic cup (OC) from fundus photographs is essential for glaucoma screening. Unfortunately, existing deep...

Rays as Pixels: Learning A Joint Distribution of Videos and Camera Trajectories

Recovering camera parameters from images and rendering scenes from novel viewpoints have long been treated as separate tasks in computer vision and gr...

Deep Learning-Based Tracking and Lineage Reconstruction of Ligament Breakup

The disintegration of liquid sheets into ligaments and droplets involves highly transient, multi-scale dynamics that are difficult to quantify from hi...

AniGen: Unified $S^3$ Fields for Animatable 3D Asset Generation

Animatable 3D assets, defined as geometry equipped with an articulated skeleton and skinning weights, are fundamental to interactive graphics, embodie...

DailyArt: Discovering Articulation from Single Static Images via Latent Dynamics

Articulated objects are essential for embodied AI and world models, yet inferring their kinematics from a single closed-state image remains challengin...

MonoUNet: A Robust Tiny Neural Network for Automated Knee Cartilage Segmentation on Point-of-Care Ultrasound Devices

Objective: To develop a robust and compact deep learning model for automated knee cartilage segmentation on point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) devices. ...

Specializing Large Models for Oracle Bone Script Interpretation via Component-Grounded Multimodal Knowledge Augmentation

Deciphering ancient Chinese Oracle Bone Script (OBS) is a challenging task that offers insights into the beliefs, systems, and culture of the ancient ...

URMF: Uncertainty-aware Robust Multimodal Fusion for Multimodal Sarcasm Detection

Multimodal sarcasm detection (MSD) aims to identify sarcastic intent from semantic incongruity between text and image. Although recent methods have im...

Action Images: End-to-End Policy Learning via Multiview Video Generation

World action models (WAMs) have emerged as a promising direction for robot policy learning, as they can leverage powerful video backbones to model the...

OpenAc4C: A gateway to decode the landscape, regulation and pathogenesis of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) epitranscriptome

N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is an ancient and highly conserved chemical marker found in all domains of life. Recent advancements in sequencing techniques...