Orthopedics

Can a cephalogram be used to estimate palatal suture maturity to inform expander selection.

INTRODUCTION: The maturity of the mid-palatal suture (MPS) could largely determine the necessity of more invasive interventions for correcting transverse maxillary deficiency. CBCT, the most commonly used method for assessing MPS maturity, is not routinely available and exposes patients to higher levels of ionizing radiation than a cephalogram. Given the substantial number of morphological feature...

Arthroscopic Images Predict Tendon Integrity After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Using a Deep Learning Model.

PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of a deep learning model for predicting early structural integrity after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) using intraoperative arthroscopic images obtained after the double-row bridging repair technique. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who underwent ARCR between January 2016 and June 2024, provided that postoperative tendon integrity wa...

Deep learning approaches to predict femoral neck T-score and osteopenia/osteoporosis status from wrist accelerometry data.

Osteoporosis is a prevalent condition with substantial health and economic implications. Although physical activity is associated with bone health, th...

Evolutionary rise of a synaptic mechanism for creating and diversifying key reinforcement signals.

Most neurons release either excitatory or inhibitory neurotransmitters. However, multiple inputs to the lateral habenula (LHb) co-transmit glutamate a...

Comparison of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and lumbar radiographs using deep learning for osteoporosis diagnosis.

INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis and osteopenia, characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), increase fracture risk, particularly in older adults. ...

dsRNAscan maps human dsRNAome, revealing conservation, intermolecular dsRNA, and correlates of ADAR dependency.

The human transcriptome contains millions of A-to-I editing sites arising from an unclear number of poorly characterized dsRNAs. Editing sites reveal ...

Enhanced YOLOv8 with Hybrid Attention Gating Block for Intertrochanteric Fracture Detection in Complex X-Ray Images.

Timely and accurate detection of intertrochanteric fractures on pelvic radiographs may support prompt clinical assessment and treatment planning. Howe...

Stromal Vascular Fraction Gel for Osteoarthritis: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Benefits.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent degenerative joint disorder, is suboptimally managed by existing treatments owing to adverse effects, limited therape...

Exploration of acetylation-related biomarkers in osteoarthritis through bioinformatics analysis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized as a chronic degenerative disorder affecting the joints. A growing body of evidence indicates that acetylation ma...

Virtual single-cell perturbation and genetic causal inference reveal CSF1R-dependent immunometabolic communication in iron metabolism-associated osteoarthritis.

Iron dysregulation has emerged as a contributor to osteoarthritis (OA), yet the cell-communication mechanisms connecting iron-related genetic signals ...

Artificial Intelligence Answering Patient Questions About Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Accuracy, Readability, and Clinical Utility.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are increasingly used by patients and caregivers seeking medical information. Developmental dysplasia...

Deep neural network-based prediction of walking independence after hip fracture surgery and analysis of contributing factors.

BACKGROUND: Early prediction of walking independence after hip fracture surgery can support perioperative decision-making and rehabilitation planning....

Immunohistochemistry-assisted deep learning for lineage identification in rat bone marrow from hematoxylin and eosin whole-slide images.

The analysis of hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained bone marrow (BM) tissue sections in drug development toxicologic pathology studies is a key step in...

Machine learning-based screening model for osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women: a nationwide study with prospective fracture validation.

UNLABELLED: This study develops a machine learning model to predict osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women. The model was trained using the larg...

Label-free ovarian cancer histopathological diagnosis using two-photon autofluorescence microscopy with a joint denoising and segmentation framework.

Two-photon autofluorescence (TPAF) microscopy is a promising modality for rapid, label-free assessment of unstained tissue, but is fundamentally limit...

GDLS-D: two-stage medical surface reconstruction via geometric diffusion least squares and iterative deformation optimization.

Surface representations of anatomical structures are crucial for medical applications including preoperative planning and biomechanical simulations, y...

Machine Learning-Driven Design of Multicomponent Bone Inorganic Matrix Mimicking Scaffolds for Osteogenesis Enhanced by Neurogenesis.

Bone defects require materials with osteogenic, neurogenic, and angiogenic activity, yet designing such materials within high-dimensional compositiona...

A clinical decision support tool for accurate hip fracture prediction: A nationwide cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Although hip fractures are commonly associated with functional decline, increased morbidity, and mortality, accurate models for both short...

RIBOTAC-mediated degradation of hsa-microRNA-301a-3p suppresses TNBC bone metastasis.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with a high propensity for bone metastasis and limited treatment options. Although many ...

Cross-Guided Dual-View Pre-Training for Fracture-Healing Assessment on Orthogonal Radiographs.

Radiographic fracture-healing assessment is subjective and time-consuming, and existing automated methods often underuse the complementary information...