Orthopedics

Sensory nerves protect against preclinical tendinopathic changes through FGF1 signaling.

Chronic tendinopathy is typified by persistent tendon-associated pain, transmitted by local nociceptive neurons. However, the regulatory function of somatosensory neurons in the development of tendinopathy is unknown. Here, we show that sensory neurons grow into the tendon proper across preclinical models of chronic tendinopathy to serve a protective function against tendinopathic changes through ...

An interpretable multi-task learning model for effluent quality and greenhouse gas emissions prediction in wastewater treatment plants.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) face growing pressure to comply with regulatory effluent standards while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as part of the net-zero and sustainable transformation. Recent advances in deep learning have improved WWTP forecasting. However, most studies remain focused on single outputs (e.g., one effluent parameter) and/or single-step prediction, with limited ...

Prediction of Oswestry Disability Index and Numeric Rating Scale scores after lumbar spine surgery: machine learning model development and fairness assessment.

BACKGROUND: One-third of patients operated for degenerative conditions in the lumbar spine do not report substantial improvement after 12 months. Most...

Canadian radiology: 2026 update.

Canadian radiology continues to produce scholarship that is technically sophisticated, clinically relevant, and increasingly attentive to the wider sy...

UveAI: clinic-ready scoring of retinal inflammation in uveitis on widefield fluorescein angiography using AI.

Retinal inflammation is a key determinant of visual prognosis in uveitis, yet its assessment on fluorescein angiography remains subjective, labor-inte...

Validation of deep learning enabled web based and smartphone optimized application RadAnalyzer to measure vertebral heart size and vertebral left atrial size in dogs.

BACKGROUND: Objective radiographic measures of heart size including vertebral heart size (VHS) and vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) are associated wi...

Diagnostic utility of artificial intelligence in musculoskeletal physical therapy: A comparison with physical therapists.

BACKGROUND: Although generative artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in healthcare, its diagnostic performance relative to physical therapists (...

Genetics of Osteoarthritis: Insights from GWAS to Therapeutic Opportunities.

OBJECTIVE: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease and a leading cause of pain and disability worldwide, affecting both weight-bearing and non...

Optimizing treatment strategies for femoral neck fractures using a machine learning model.

BACKGROUND: Recently, advances in machine learning models have allowed for automatic and highly accurate detection of fractures. To date, however, no ...

Research progress of diffusion tensor imaging in lumbar degenerative diseases: a narrative review.

Degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine are a common cause of chronic low back pain and neurological dysfunction. Their pathological basis involves ...

Vertebral fractures identified on lateral DXA images by deep learning predict incident fractures in older women.

UNLABELLED: XVFA is an AI-based method for identifying vertebral fractures on DXA images. In 423 women followed for 8 years, vertebral fractures ident...

Response to: Comment on 'Risk prediction in spine surgery: a scoping review of traditional models, artificial intelligence, and the challenge of clinical translation'.

Artificial Intelligence (Pattern Recognition) in Musculoskeletal Imaging: The Future or Hype?

Artificial intelligence and automated pattern recognition, in particular, have been described as the next frontier in musculoskeletal imaging. However...

Robot-assisted lumbar facet joint infiltration improves accuracy and reduces radiation exposure compared to the manual technique in a comparative phantom study.

Compact robotic systems offer new opportunities for spinal procedures outside the operating room, but their potential for small-scale interventions su...

Spatiotemporal skeleton based learning for automatic exercise quality assessment and real time posture correction.

BACKGROUND: Home-based fitness training requires automated systems for exercise quality assessment and real-time posture correction without profession...

Lumbar, thoracic, and bilateral vertebral body tethering: do surgical outcomes differ?

PURPOSE: VBT is increasingly being used in the lumbar spine to preserve mobility. Surgeons have noted differences in complications and outcomes among ...

Enhancing Anatomy Learning Through Enhanced 3D Visualization: A Study on Student Perception and Engagement in Museum-Based Education.

Effective anatomy education is essential for medical training. While traditional anatomy instruction provides essential foundational knowledge, its ef...

MultiScaleKANNet: a hybrid CNN-KAN-transformer architecture for radiographic bone-loss risk stratification from knee X-rays.

Osteoporosis is underdiagnosed because dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is costly and scarce. We present MultiScaleKANNet, a hybrid deep-learnin...

A deep learning framework for the localization of landmarks on the lateral semi circular canals.

This paper introduces a Deep Learning (DL) framework to localize landmark coordinates within the semicircular canals in Computed Tomography (CT) scans...

Associations of Red Blood Cell Distribution Width-Derived Indicators and Their Longitudinal Dynamic Trajectories With Mortality Risk in Critically Ill Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension.

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW)-derived indicators have increasingly been recognized as biomarkers reflecting systemic inflammation and hemato...